PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Catalysing network-enabled collaboration PRAGMA and Networks George McLaughlin

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Good networks arent enough Well supported networks without compelling applications that provide new/enhanced opportunities for research, education and societal benefit are of limited value Need an enthusiastic user base and champions that have the tools and capabilities to exploit the opportunities presented Need a framework that ensures that applications benefit researchers, educators and society in a powerful, inclusive, reliable and easy-to-use way The underlying complexities of the routing/switching infrastructure and collaboration tools should be transparent to the end users 2

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Current R&E networks within Asia & to US/EU Note – In Asia there is no continent-wide equivalent of the NSF or the European Commission - different approach to putting things in place Show maps 3

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 The story from the maps US is a beneficiary of network investment by Asian countries for network- enabled collaborations with Asia A free service may have a significant network cost in Asia (depending on location relative to content source) Japan, Korea, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, India have multiple multi-Gbps international circuits BUT – Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Laos, Philippines, Indonesia have only Mbps AND Mongolia, Myanmar, Papau New Guinea, East Timor and most South Pacific Islands have satellite only (cost) This latter group are among the most susceptible to natural disasters (floods, tsunamis, typhoons, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sea level rise) 4

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Observations/Assumptions PRAGMA isnt just about high-end services/applications – wider scope It is an organisation with a social conscience It is one where members with greater resources can make (some of) those resources available to others Natural disaster modelling/prediction/impact mitigation is high on everyones agenda Application systems allow for different bandwidth constraints? 5

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Predictions about networks over next 5 years Individual circuit capacities will continue to grow but at a slower rate, but still by at least an order of magnitude Total utilised fibre capacity (number of circuits) will grow massively, largely as the result of increased demands to backhaul huge traffic increases from wireless and cellular networks LTE (4G) already providing real 30Mbps to smartphones/tablets in several countries, and this is early days – LTE (or other 4G, maybe 5G) will be the norm within this timeframe (note - CSIRO (802 devlopers) and others already demonstrating multi-gigabit wireless technology Even in countries poorly connected internationally, often have a high penetration of cellular devices within country (videocomms, built-in sensors, positioning, processing - wide scale alerts for DM) 6

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October PRAGMA and Network Collaboration things that we have found to work Identify a defined and manageable number of disciplines/topics for meaningful progress toward developing action plans Bring together researchers, network professionals and funding agency people Network professionals get good understanding of real needs of user communities - ensure that the optimal engineering, protocols and performance attributes are in place in a way that provides intuitive user experience User communities exposed to opportunities for network-enabled collaboration Funding bodies involved early to get buy-in Identify effective champions Demonstrate exemplars of effective network-enabled collaborations

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Some examples and events Firewatch Indonesia – Using satellite data from NASA/others and systems developed for Au bushfires, provide near realtime hotspot maps and alerts when wildfires start – massive cut in response time and improved mitigation Specialist paediatric teleconsultation between Royal Childrens Hospital, AU and National Paediatrics Hospital, Hanoi Astronomical transient events using sky survey data and comparing with historical data to identify transients (up and running in short period between Caltech and Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune) US-India Network-enabled Collaboration Workshop (skype ref) 8

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Some thoughts/suggestions Tack on a one day PRAGMA/Networks workshop to a PRAGMA or APAN meeting (APAN also has applications as well as future Internet working groups) Network people from APAN Members and US would be involved Homework on both PRAGMA and Network sides needed to flesh out and scope Indentify topic area of focus for network-enabled PRAGMA cloud collaboration (Disaster Management?) 9

PRAGMA 21 Meeting, Sapporo, 19 October 2011 Common concerns including: transboundary water management; infectious diseases (like dengue and pandemic influenza); vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters the LMI seeks to support a common regional understanding of these issues and to facilitate an effective, coordinated response 10 Another thought - Lower Mekong