Solomon Trawl – Gear description (fish & shrimp) Joël Prado - FAO/FIIT

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Presentation transcript:

Solomon Trawl – Gear description (fish & shrimp) Joël Prado - FAO/FIIT

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic)

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) ~ 50% global catch Watson et al. 2004

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active Cone-shaped net

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active using cone-shaped net Small & large vessels NOAA Fisheries

Introduction - Impacts Bycatch Juvenile fish in shrimp trawl Protected species Bottom habitat Shrimp fishing bycatch (Madagascar) Before (top) & after (bottom) trawling. FAO 2005

Objectives Describe how trawl gear works List 4 components of a trawl and describe 2 pieces of specialized equipment Demonstrate ability to complete the gear description form

Sampling Priorities 1. Collect information on fishing effort 2. Randomly sample catch for catch composition 3. Record gear characteristics 4. Collect length-frequency data on target and non-target catch

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior 3 main configuration types Otter trawl Pair trawl Beam trawl

Trawl configurations 3 main configuration types Otter trawl (animation from

Trawl configurations 3 main configuration types Pair trawl (2 vessels) Photos:

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#1) Pair trawl – 2 vessels Twin trawl – 2 nets Duplex (separator) trawl – 2 codends

Trawl configurations 3 main configuration types Beam trawl Griffiths:

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#2) Beam trawler –vessels which deploy nets from abeam; also outrigger trawler or winch boat Beam trawl – type of net configuration Beam trawler with beam trawls;

Trawl configurations Images modified from FAO (2001b),Lokkeborg (2005) and

Net components (Manual Fig.6-2)

Net components (Manual Fig.6-3) Sack Headline

Net configuration Fisheye BRD Tie off rings TED (hard grid) Elephant ears Headrope / headline Lazy line Footrope Dummy door Trawl door Tickler chain Bottom leg Top leg Floats Guide line (Manual Fig.7-3)

Gear Deployment & Retrieval Deployment Video - retrievingretrieving NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder device (TED) NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) NOAA Fisheries Fish eye ( Square mesh window (FAO) Square mesh codend ( com.au) Radial escape section (

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder (TED video)video w NOAA Fisheries Photo: Mike Gerner, AFMA

Bycatch reduction

Trawl sensors

Gear Description - Finfish 1

X

Gear Description - Finfish

Headline

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish

Courtesy of S. Sei, Sierra Leone)

Gear Description - Finfish

Fish eye ( Images from Eayrs (2007) x

Gear Description - Finfish x Radial Escape Section ( Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Finfish X Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Shrimp

Grid angle

Activity Handout Groups of 2 or 3 20 minutes *use mini net in front of room for your codend mesh size. Record your measurements and average mesh size calculation.

FS345 LIB x1 x x Crimond nova demersal chain chain chain 6 20wire cable 7.215wire cable 6 15 wire cable

Length = 2.4 m Height = 2 m

Gear Description - Finfish steel cable 52 20nylon weighted synthetic Dyneema chain (sttel) 100kg

Gear Description - Finfish 8 25 rubber rubber 32 Polyethelene Polyethelene Polyethelene W x x

Summary Can you name the trawl configurations below Beam trawl / otter trawl / pair trawl

Summary

Describe how trawl gear works

References Eayrs, S A Guide to Bycatch Reduction in Tropical Shrimp-Trawl Fisheries. Revised edition. Rome, FAO. 108 p. Kelleher, K Discards in the world's marine fisheries: An update. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, FAO, Rome. Watson, R., E. Hoshino, J. Beblow, C. Revenga, Y. Kura, and A. Kitchingman Fishing Gear Associated With Global Marine Catches. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 12.

Quick review List 3 trawl types Define pelagic and demersal What are the functions of BRDs & TEDs? Beam, otter, pair Pelagic = midwater; demersal = on bottom Reduce catch of unwanted fish, turtles or other large fauna