Focus: Abiotic and Biotic Factors, Photosynthesis Page 156 March 4, 2013 Focus: Abiotic and Biotic Factors, Photosynthesis Objective: 6.L.1.2 IWBAT to explain the significance of the processes of photosynthesis, evaluate the importance of abiotic and biotic factors in an ecosystem HW: ecosystems reading sheet Warm Up: Glossary Update (see master on your desk)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDwUVpOEoE4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o

PRE-VIEW 1 2 Look at the two pictures and choose: Neither of them is living 1 is living, 2 is non-living 2 is living, 1 is non-living Both 1 and 2 are living ***How did you choose your answer? 1 2

Introduction to Ecology

What is Ecology?

What is Ecology?? The study of interactions between organisms and their environment. It explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in.

An Organism Organism: An individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops

An Ecosystem may be very small such as: A backyard A pond A playground

Some may be very large like: The deserts of Africa The rain forest of Brazil The saltwater oceans                                                                

All Ecosystems Have… Example: Think about a pond…                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem What are some things found in ponds?                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem What are some things found in ponds? Water, fish, plants, birds, bugs, soil sunlight, air, bacteria, animals                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem Are all of these things living? Water, fish, plants, birds, bugs, soil sunlight, air, bacteria, animals                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem Are all of these things living?                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem Are all of these things living? NO!! An ecosystem has many important parts that are living and non-living.                                                                

A Pond Ecosystem Living Non-Living Are all of these things living? Living Non-Living Fish Water Plants Soil Birds Sunlight Bugs Air Bacteria                                                                

The Nonliving Environment Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Examples include air, water, temperature, rocks and minerals, light, and soil. Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life.

The Living Environment Biotic factors- all the living (or once-living) organisms that inhabit an environment. All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection.

Biotic Factors The living parts of an ecosystem. They include animals, plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria.

What are the LIVING parts of an ecosystem called?

What are the LIVING parts of an ecosystem called? Biotic Factors

What are the NON-LIVING parts of an ecosystem called?

What are the NON-LIVING parts of an ecosystem called? Abiotic Factors

Abiotic or Biotic? How do you know?

Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic

Abiotic or Biotic? How do you know?

Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic: Water and rocks are non-living

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

Abiotic or Biotic?

Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

List the biotic and abiotic factors in this ecosystem

Biotic and Abiotic Factors in the Ecosystem Biotic Abiotic (Living) (Non-Living) Flowers Water Plants Soil Birds Sunlight Bugs Air Bacteria Rocks Animals Rain                                                                 \

List the biotic and abiotic factors in this ecosystem

Biotic and Abiotic Factors in the Ecosystem Biotic Abiotic (Living) (Non-Living) Zooplankton Water Phytoplankton Sea Ice Fish Sunlight Lobster Air Seals Rocks Bears CO2

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem?

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem? Sun *Provides Light, Heat, and Energy *Without the sun: All biotic factors (all living things) would die

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem? Water *Provides a place to live for many creatures, hydrates all biotic factors *Without water: All biotic factors (all living things) would die

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem? Air *Helps many biotic factors breathe *Without air: Most biotic factors (most living things) would die

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem? Temperature *Many creatures can only survive in certain temperatures *Extreme temperature changes: Could kill many of the biotic factors

What role do abiotic factors play in an ecosystem? Soil *Provides a home, nutrients, support *Without the soil: Plants would die and many biotic factors would be affected

What would happen to all the biotic factors if there were no abiotic factors?

What would happen to all the biotic factors if there were no abiotic factors? All biotic factors would DIE without abiotic factors!!!!!!

What would happen to the biotic factors in this ecosystem if… There was no sun There was no water There was no soil There were no minerals

Plants Make Their Own Food: A Recipe for Photosynthesis

Plants: One Part of the Carbon Cycle When carbon dioxide is taken in by plants, what is that called? PHOTOSYNTHESIS!

Photosynthesis is How Plants Make Their Food Plants do not need to go to the cafeteria for lunch! They do need a few special ingredients, though…

What is needed for photosynthesis to occur? Carbon Dioxide (CO2) The plant’s leaves take in CO2 that is breathed out by animals (and people). CO2

What is needed for photosynthesis to occur? Light The plant’s leaves use the light to make a sugar called glucose.

What is needed for photosynthesis to occur? Water The plant’s leaves and roots soak up water to use for photosynthesis.

What is MADE by plants as a result of photosynthesis? Water Plants release water through their leaves. This is called transpiration!

What is MADE by plants as a result of photosynthesis? Oxygen (O2)

What is MADE by plants as a result of photosynthesis? Sugar (Food) Plants make their own food by performing photosynthesis

A Formula for Photosynthesis Sun + CO2 + Water = Food + O2 + Water Sun + + = CO2 Water Water Plant Food + + O2

It’s question time! * Photosynthesis What is the process by which plants make food? * Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make food. A green plant makes food using light energy. Green plants get light energy from the sun.

Why do you think there are not many plants in the desert? Look at this picture of the desert. It is very dry and does not rain much here. Why do you think there are not many plants in the desert? Plants need water to do photosynthesis (to make their food).

Plants Need Plants Make 3 factors 3 factors plants need plants make Now it’s YOUR TURN Plants Need Plants Make 3 factors 3 factors plants need plants make 65

Plants Need Plants Make PHOTOSYNTHESIS Plants Need Plants Make Sunlight Sugar (Food) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Oxygen (O2) Water Water 66

Draw… Draw a Plant. Show the: 3 factors that plants need for photosynthesis AND 3 factors plants make from photosynthesis 67

SUGAR WATER

WHY IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS SO IMPORTANT? PHOTOSYNTHESIS is one of the most important biological process on earth! Provides the oxygen (O2) we breathe Consumes extra Carbon Dioxide CO2 Makes Plant Food Gives US food! 69

What is photosynthesis?? The way plants make their food (sugar)

Why do plants need sugar? Sugar (Glucose) is the food for the plant. It gives the plant energy to grow.

HOW do plants MAKE sugar? To perform photosynthesis, green plants need... CHLOROPHYLL! (Chlorophyll is the green material in plants that stores sunlight for plants to make food)

What part of the plant produces food? In most plants the leaves are the special parts where the most food is made. Leaves contain a chemical called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the green matter in plants that traps light energy to produce food.

How Are Plants and Animals Different? Plants can make their own food. Plants have chlorophyll Animals cannot make their own food. Animals do NOT have chlorophyll (even green animals don’t have it!)

This is called… photosynthesis Plants use water, sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food. This is called… photosynthesis Only organisms with the green material CHLOROPHYLL can perform photosynthesis.

WHY DO LEAVES CHANGE COLOR IN THE FALL? Plants make their own food. They take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. They turn water and carbon dioxide into food using sunlight and something called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is green. It gives leaves their green color.     Winter days are short and dry. Many plants stop making food in the fall. The chlorophyll goes away. Then we can see orange and yellow colors. These colors were in the leaves all summer, but the green covered them up. Some leaves turn red. This color is made in the fall, from food trapped in the leaves. Brown colors are also made in the fall. They come from wastes left in the leaves.

Photosynthesis: Plants make their food Sun + CO2 + Water = Food + O2 + Water

Photosynthesis: Plants make their food Plants Need -Carbon Dioxide -Water -Sunlight Plants Make -Oxygen -Water -Food Sun + CO2 + Water = Food + O2 + Water

Plants have chlorophyll Why can plants make their food?? Plants have chlorophyll -Green -Stores Sunlight -Only plants have it. This is why plants can use sunlight to make food

Plants Make Their Food with Chlorophyll Word to know: Chlorophyll: The green material in plants that stores sunlight for plants to make food (by photosynthesis) Why are plants green? Why can plants make their own food? How do plants use the sun to make food? Why aren’t people green? Why can’t people make their own food? Because plants have chlorophyll Because plants have chlorophyll Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight Because people don’t have chlorophyll Because people don’t have chlorophyll

Draw A Comic Strip Explaining Photosynthesis Be creative! 1. Must have a picture in every square 2. Must use all of the following words: Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Carbon Dioxide Sunlight Water Food ***BONUS: If you get done early, -Add color to your drawing -Add another box to your comic for more detail 81