Extinction and Adaptation

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Presentation transcript:

Extinction and Adaptation Biodiversity on Earth

What is Biodiversity? Variety of species of organisms present on Earth. Includes members of all 5 kingdoms Animal – multi-cellular heterotrophs Plant – multi-cellular autotrophs Fungi – multi-cellular saratrophs Protista and Monera – unicellular & simple cellular colonies Amoeba Bacteria

Is Biodiversity Important? Yes Think about a food chain What happens if one “link” is taken out? Today nearly 2 million species have been discovered and named by scientist. The number of different species decreases each year. For more information on importance of biodiversity go to: http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579557/Biodiversity.html

Causes of Extinction Man-Made Natural Pollution Global Climate Changes Over-harvesting Loss of Habitat Invasion Species Natural Global Climate Changes Loss of Habitat Invasion Species http://library.thinkquest.org/25014/why/index.html

Survival When a species changes to live in its environment, it is said to have adapted. Adaptation can be simple or complicated. Coral fish Giraffe

Natural selection As a species adapts, members that have favorable traits for survival will live to produce offspring, and others will die. This is how survival adaptations get passed to the next generation. Coloring schemes Burrowing and/or sleep habits. Migration patterns

Human adapt too. We’ve all heard of the fight or flight response, but what is it? When humans first started hunting for food, their bodies developed a hormonal response to emergency situations. Blood vessels dilate, eyes widen, heart and breathing rates increase and muscles tense ready to fight for their life or run.

This response kept the hunters alive. This response can be seen even in humans today (many thousands of years later) <Demonstration> Humans are among the best of the animal kingdom at surviving. Not only do our bodies adapt but we can use our minds to invent and engineer ways of surviving in extreme conditions such as space.

Review Biodiversity is… Major causes of extinction… Adaptation is… How does adaptation allow for species survival? Name some ways humans adapt?