Shoulder Muscles BIO 238 Instructor: Dr. Gourdine 1

Shoulder (Glenohumoral Joint) Figure 8–2a

Scapula: Posterior Surface Figure 8–3c

Scapula: Lateral View Figure 8–3c

Scapula: Anterior Surface Figure 8–3a

Humerus Figure 8–4

Clavicle Figure 8–2b, c

Thoracic (Rib) Cage Figure 7–22a

ROM of the Shoulder Flexion Extension Horizontal Abduction Horizontal Adduction Abduction Adduction Lateral Rotation Medial Rotation 9

Shoulder Flexion and Extension 10 Flexion Extension

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction and Adduction Horizontal AbductionHorizontal Adduction 11

Shoulder Abduction and Adduction 12 Adduction Abduction

Shoulder Medial and Lateral Rotation 13 Lateral Rotation Medial Rotation

ROM of the Scapula Abduction (protraction) Adduction (retraction) Depression Elevation Downward rotation Upward rotation 14

Adduction and Abduction of Scapula 15 Adduction Abduction

Depression and Elevation of Scapula 16 ElevationDepression

Downward and Upward Rotation of Scapula Downward RotationUpward Rotation 17

Muscles of the Upper Extremities: Brachium Deltoid (pg 67) ▫O-Lateral 1/3 of clavicle; Acromion; Spine of Scapula ▫I-Deltoid tuberosity of humerus ▫A- Moves the shoulder in the following ways: Abduction, flexion, medial rotation, horizontal adduction, extension, lateral rotation, horizontal abduction 18 Figure 11-15a

Muscles of the Neck and Back Trapezius (pg 69) ▫O-External occipital protuberence, medial portion of superior nuchal line of occiput, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T12 ▫I-Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion; spine of scapula ▫A-  Head and neck: Extention, lateral flexion to the same side, rotation to the opposite side.  Scapula: Elevation, upward rotation, adduction, stabilization, depression 19 Figure 11–13a

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Latissimus dorsi (pg 71) O- Inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three or four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, and posterior iliac crest I-Intertubercular groove of humerus A-Extension, medial rotation and adduction of shoulder 20 Figure 11–13a

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Teres Major (pg 71) ▫O-Inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula ▫I-Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus ▫A-Extension, medial rotation and adduction of humerus 21 Figure 11–15b

Rotator Cuff Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor muscles 22 Figure 11–15b

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Supraspinatus (pg 75) ▫O- supraspinous fossa ▫I-Greater tubercle of humerus ▫A-Abduction of shoulder and stabilization of head of humerus 23 Figure 11–15b

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Infraspinatus (pg 75) ▫O- infraspinous fossa ▫I-Greater tubercle of humerus ▫A- Lateral rotation and adduction of shoulder, and stabilization of humerus 24 Figure 11–15b

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Teres Minor (pg 75) ▫O-Upper axillary border of scapula ▫I-Greater tubercle of humerus ▫A-Lateral rotation and adduction of shoulder and stabilization of humerus 25 Figure 11–15b

Muscles of the Anterior Torso Subscapularis (pg 75) ▫O- Subscapular fossa ▫I- Lesser tubercle of humerus ▫A-Medial rotation of the shoulder and stabilization of humerus 26 Figure 11–15a

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Rhomboid(eus) major (pg 82) ▫O-Spinous processes T2-5 ▫I-Medial border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle ▫A-Adduction (retraction), elevation, and downward rotation of scapula 27 Figure 11–14a

Muscles of the Posterior Torso Rhomboid(eus) minor (pg 82) ▫O-Spinous processes C7 and T1 ▫I-Upper portion of medial border of scapula, and inferior angle ▫A-Adduction (retraction), elevation, and downward rotation of scapula 28 Figure 11–14a

Muscles of the Neck and Back Levator scapulae (pg 84) ▫O-Transverse process C1-4 ▫I-Medial border of scapula from superior angle to superior portion of spine of scapula ▫A-  Elevation and downward rotation of scapula  Lateral flexion and rotation of head to the same side 29 Figure 11–13a

Muscles of the Anterior Torso Serratus anterior (pg 86) ▫O-External surface of ribs 1- 8 or 9 ▫I-Anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula ▫A- Abduction (protraction), upward rotation and depression of scapula; hold medial border of scapula against rib cage. 30 Figure 11–13b

Muscles of the Anterior Torso Pectoralis major (pg 89) ▫O- medial half of clavicle; Sternum, cartilages of ribs 1- 6 ▫I-Crest of greater tubercle of humerus ▫A-Adduction, medial rotation, flexion, horizontal adduction, and extension of shoulder 31 Figure 11–13b

Muscles of the Anterior Torso Pectoralis minor (pg 92) ▫O- Ribs 3-5 ▫I-Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula ▫A-Depression, abduction (protraction), downward rotation of scapula 32 Figure 11–13b

Muscles of the Anterior Torso Subclavius (pg 94) ▫O-Rib 1 and costal cartilage ▫I-Inferior shaft of clavicle, middle 1/3 ▫A-Depresses clavicle, stabilizes sternoclaviclar joint 33 Figure 11–13b

Muscles of the Upper Extremities: Antebrachium - Anterior Coracobrachialis (pg 99) ▫O- Coracoid process of scapula ▫I-Medial surface of humeral shaft ▫A- Flexion and adduction of shoulder 34 Figure 11–16b