Head and Neck Dr. SREEKANTH THOTA DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY

Brain

 During development the brain can be divided into five continuous parts. 1. Telencephalon (cerebrum) 2. Diencephalon 3. Mesencephalon (midbrain) 4. Metencephalon 5. Myelencephalon (medulla oblongata)

Cerebrum - The largest division of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, each of which is divided into four lobes. Cerebrum Cerebellum

Cerebral Cortex Cerebral Cortex - The outermost layer of gray matter making up the superficial aspect of the cerebrum.

Gyri (ridge) Fissure (deep groove) Sulci (groove)

Longitudinal Fissure Transverse Fissure Sylvian/Latera l Fissure Central Sulcus Specific Sulci/Fissures:

 Frontal  Parietal  Occipital  Temporal * Note: Occasionally, the Insula is considered the fifth lobe. It is located deep to the Temporal Lobe.

Click the Region to see its Name

 Consists of the Thalamus, hypothalamus, and other related structures.

 Cerebellum and the Pons

 The brain receives it arterial supply from two pairs of vessels, the vertebral and internal carotid arteries, which are interconnected in the cranial cavity to produce an arterial circle (of Willis).

 The internal carotid arteries arise in the neck from the common carotid arteries.  Each internal carotid artery enters the cranial cavity through the carotid canals in the petrous part of the temporal bones.  The terminal branches of the internal carotids are the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.

 The vertebral arteries begin in the root of the neck as the first branches of the first part of the subclavian arteries.  The cervical parts of the vertebral arteries ascend through the transverse foramina of the first six cervical vertebrae.

Sac-like outpouching in a cerebral blood vessel, which can seem berry-shaped Complications: Subarachnoid hemorrhage

 Charcot-Bouchard aneurysmsare aneurysms of the brain vasculature which occur in small blood vessels (less than 300 micrometre diameter).