Motion and Energy Chapter 9

Today we will…. Describe motion using Cornell notes, questions, and interactions.

1. Motion 2. Motion – what is it? 3. When the distance from another object is changing 2. Example 3. Walking away from a chair 3. A car leaving the driveway

2. Reference point – what is it? 3. A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion 3. Examples: 4. Tree 4. Chair 4. House

3. Use + or – to indicate change in position 3 3. Use + or – to indicate change in position 3. Think of the y and x axis 3. If you move up or to the right it will be a positive change 3. If you move down or to the left it will be a negative change 3. Train example

2. Distance – what is it? 3. Length of a path between two points 3. It is the actual path traveled. 3. Example 4. How many blocks do you walk/drive to get to school?

2. Displacement – what is it? 3. The length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point 3. Direction of a straight line between starting and ending points

On your white board, determine the answer An object moves 3 cm to the right, then 6 cm to the left, then 8 cm to the right. What is the object’s final displacement from its origin? What is its distance traveled?

STOP Person C begin the questions on the task card.

2. Vector – what is it? 3. Consists of both a magnitude and a direction 3. Magnitude is the size of the vector 3. Examples of vectors 4. Displacement 4. Force 4. Velocity 4. acceleration

3. Shown graphically using an arrow 3 3. Shown graphically using an arrow 3. The length of the arrow represents the vector’s magnitude 3. Which vector has the greater magnitude? A B C D

Person B begins the task card questions. STOP Person B begins the task card questions.

Today we will Describe speed and velocity using Cornell Notes, task cards, and our graphs from yesterday’s activity.

1. Speed and velocity 2. Speed – what is it? 3. The distance an object travels per unit of time 3. Speed = Distance Time

2. Average speed – what is it? 3. A moving object does not have a constant speed 3. average speed (v) = D/T 3. Other equations: 4. D = VT 4. T = D/V

Example If it takes you 10 minutes to ride your bike 2 km to school, what is your average speed (v)?

2. Graphing Speed 3. Distance vs. time graph 3. Slope represents speed – the rate that distance changes in relation to time 3. Slope = rise/run 3. Time is on the X-axis 3. Distance is on the Y-axis

Person A begins the task card questions. STOP Person A begins the task card questions.

2. Velocity (v) – what is it? 3. Speed (v) in a given direction 3. V is a vector 3. Magnitude and direction shown by the length and direction of the arrow. 3. Changes in velocity may be due to changes in speed, direction, or both

2. Real-life velocity examples 3. Weather – direction and speed of storms 3. Air traffic controllers – have to know V and direction of planes 3. Riding a bike around curves 3. Others?.....

STOP Person D begins the task card questions.

Write your summary which must include the answers to your questions. 3 minute pause Using your task cards write 3 good questions. You may not start your question with “what is…?” Write your summary which must include the answers to your questions.

Homework 2 strategies of your choice that involve vector, velocity, speed, and average speed.

Ticket out the Door Facts You/Opinion Velocity is speed in a given direction. Describe in detail what velocity is. Velocity plays a role in your daily life. Explain how velocity affects you and your daily activities. Use complete sentences.

Today we will Describe acceleration using Cornell notes, NTG, task cards, and a Venn Diagram.

1. Acceleration –what is it? 2. Rate at which velocity changes with time 2. REMEMBER – a change in velocity involves a change in speed, direction, or both 2. Acceleration refers to increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing direction

2 Increasing speed = acceleration 2. Decreasing speed = deceleration 2 2 Increasing speed = acceleration 2. Decreasing speed = deceleration 2. Changing direction = acceleration occurs any time the direction changes 3. Example – car going around a curve 3. Example – runner running around a track

2. Calculating Acceleration 3. Calculation of change in velocity per unit of time 3. Acceleration (a) = Final V – Initial V Time a= Vf-Vi t

Example Calculate the acceleration of an airplane if it’s initial velocity is 0 m/s and it’s final velocity is 40 m/s if it takes the airplane to reach this speed in 5 seconds.

Example As a roller coaster car starts down a slope, its velocity is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, its velocity is 22 m/s in the same direction. What is its acceleration?

2. Graphing acceleration 3. Speed vs. time graph 3. Time goes on the x-axis 3. Velocity goes on the y-axis.

Practice Time Create a Venn Diagram to compare/contrast graphing velocity vs graphing acceleration Page 355 # 4 and 5 Page 367 all Homework : NTG pages 164-166

Practice Problems Page 355 #’s 1, 2, 4, 5

Homework Vocabulary maps for : Acceleration Velocity Vector Motion

On your whiteboards - Draw a graph using this data Be sure to label your axis Distance (m) Time (s) 0 0 2 4 4 9 6 12 8 15 10 20

Review On the white board, answer the following questions. One white board per person.

A positions A reference point A constant Velocity A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is called A positions A reference point A constant Velocity

Speed equals distance divided by Time Velocity Size Motion

Average speed is Equivalent to velocity The rate at which an object is moving at a given instant The rate at which a slope changes The total distance traveled divided by the time

True or False Displacement is the length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point.

If a bicyclist travels at 33 kilometers in three hours, her average speed is 20 km/h 33 km/h 11 km/h 10 km/h

If you know a car traveled 500 km in 10 hours, you can find its Acceleration Direction Average speed velocity

What is the correct SI unit for acceleration?

Completion Acceleration is the rate of change in __________________________.

It is rare for any motion to Stay the same for very long Change quickly Increase in velocity Decrease in speed

Completion A reference point is assumed to be _______________, or not moving.

When an object’s distance from another object is changing, It is in motion It is moving at constant speed It has a high velocity It is accelerating

A position A reference point A constant velocity A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is called A position A reference point A constant velocity

True or False Motion is measured relative to a reference point

True or false A meter is a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.

True or false A helicopter flies 100 km to the north and then flies 50 km to the east. The helicopter has traveled a total displacement of 150 km.

True or false Displacement is the length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point.

A reference point is assumed to be _______, or not moving.

A quantity that consists of both a magnitude and a direction is called a(n). ____________.

The Earth accelerates because it is In a vacuum in space Continuously changing direction A very large sphere Constantly increasing its speed or orbit

Velocity Time Motion Deceleration To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change in speed during each unit of Velocity Time Motion Deceleration

What is the correct equation for acceleration?

What is the correct formula for velocity?

In a graph of distance versus time, the slope represents Displacement Speed Acceleration Potential energy

True or false Motion is measured relative to a reference point.

Average speed of the object Acceleration of the object When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know the Average speed of the object Acceleration of the object Distance the object has traveled Velocity of the object

True or false A child riding on a merry-go-round is acceleration because his direction is changing.

Completion The distance traveled by a moving object per unit of time is called ___________.

Completion A speed of 20 kilometers per hour is abbreviated as 20 ____________.

When an object’s distance from another object is changing, It is in motion It is moving at a constant speed It has high velocity It is accelerating

What is the correct SI unit for velocity?

The rate of which velocity changes is called Instantaneous speed Direction Acceleration Motion

Completion If a car is speeding up, its initial speed is _______________ than its final speed.

The location of the object The acceleration of the object If you know the distance an object has traveled in a certain amount of time, you can determine The size of he object The speed of the object The location of the object The acceleration of the object

Completion A quantity that consists of both a magnitude and direction is called a(n) _________________.

If you are moving in a circle at a constant speed, are you accelerating? Justify your answer