NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 1/22 Mobility in the Wireless and Wired World Hannu H. KARI Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) professor/TML-laboratory/CS/HUT director/TOTI-Institute/HUT

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 2/22 Agenda 1. Telecom vs. datacom views 2. Wired/wireless access 3. Mobility in IP world 4. Mobile applications 5. Mobile services 6. Future interests 7. Conclusions 8. More information

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 3/22 1. Telecom view GSM WAP GPRS UMTS SMS Video Multimedia Voice Mobile phone Internet E-commerce banking Coke, parking

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 4/22 1. Datacom view Mobility Ethernet GPRS Security WEB Video Multimedia Voice IP WLAN Token Ring

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 5/22 1. Datacom view Ethernet GPRS WEB Video Multimedia Voice IP WLAN Token Ring MobilitySecurity

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 6/22 2. Wired/wireless access Fast development of IP based fixed local networks 10 Mbps -> 100 Mbps -> 1 Gbps -> … All that in just few years! And what has happened in telecom world? Wireless transmission follows the development of wired networks … but wired communication has been always 10…100x faster than wireless Enhancements on wireless communication WLAN speed went up 2 Mbps => 11 Mbps in just two years, 100 Mbps is coming

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 7/22 2. Wired/wireless capacity 0.1m1m10m100m1km10km100km Mobiles distance 1kbps 10kbps 100kbps 1Mbps 10Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps Max transfer speed Fixed WLAN Telecom Satellite

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 8/ Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots Not all areas are covered with same unwired communication capacity Distance from the wireless access point Used frequency Number of other users in the area Indoors/outdoors Popularity of the area (city/rural) …

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 9/ Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots Users/applications will see various capacities Indoors (tens of) megabits/s Outdoors City: tens/hundreds of kilobits/s Rural: (tens of) kilobits/s Very remote areas (oceans, forest, …): few bits/s Some places No capacity at all

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 10/ Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots cold warm hot frozen users travel path

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 11/22 3. Mobility in IP world Mobility levels Macro/Micro/Nano mobility Standard Mobile IP Originally intended for infrequent mobility Slow change between access points All updates go all the way to home (HA) Hierarchical Mobile IP Dynamics, HUT Mobile IP -project

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 12/ Mobility levels Macro mobility Mobility between organizations or technologies E.g., from GPRS to WLAN network Micro mobility Mobility within an organization between access points E.g., from one WLAN access point to another Nano mobility (Term introduced by HUT/MART-project) Mobility within an access point E.g., from direct access with access point to access via a repeater link

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 13/ Mobility levels: Macro mobility Internet Home Organization 1 Organization 2 Corresponding host Same route Encapsulated, alternative routes Mobile node Mobile node

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 14/ Mobility levels: Micro mobility Internet Home Organization 1 Organization 2 Corresponding host Mobile node Mobile node Same route Encapsulated, alternative routes Encapsulated, alternative routes

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 15/ Mobility levels: Nano mobility Internet Home Organization 1 Organization 2 Corresponding host Mobile node Mobile node Same route Encapsulated, alternative routes Encapsulated, alternative routes

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 16/ Standard Mobile IP Traditional Mobile IP Updates always the home agent Internet HA FA MN FA

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 17/ Hierarchical mobility Enhanced, hierarchical Mobile IP Updates only up to the level needed Internet HA FA MN FA

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 18/22 4. Mobile applications Impacts of mobility on applications Adjust applications to available capacity E.g., change video coding Activate/deactivate applications according to available capacity E.g., download s when enough capacity Take into consideration also the cost of transmission E.g., wait for low cost service or change the place to get cheap access

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 19/22 5. Mobile services Pull-type services , WWW, … Push-type services News, stock info, weather, road info, … Location based information Services using location knowledge Local advertisements, services, attractions Services using spare time of the user Games, entertainment, virtual tags

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 20/22 6. Future interests Applications/services coping with Variable bandwidth, transfer delay, processing capacity, terminal capabilities, transfer cost, temporary coverageloss, … Different terminal types, operating systems, manufacturers, radio protocols, … Applications/services must be configurable, self-learning, adaptable, scaleable

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 21/22 7. Conclusions IP rules! Wired and wireless world will be integrated Mobility comes everywhere Multiple radio standards, low cost radios Common nominator of all systems is IP Common everyday technologies in the near future Transmission (IP), security (data protection, authetication, e-commerce), mobility (ubicomp) Future focus on Service platforms, content, user aspects, usability, AND control of digital information

NORDUnet: Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TMLPage 22/22 8. More information