First Responder Awareness Level Training Occupational Health and Safety Program 1 1

Getting Credit and Certificate To get full credit and certificate for this class, the class facilitator should do the following: *Present the Power Point Presentation and have all students study any handouts. *Enter the appropriate information into the facility’s training records. *Send the following information by e-mail to the Cabinet’s Safety Coordinator for each student in the class: -name, -work address, -work title, -name of class, -date of class. Safety Coordinator-Richard T. Owen at Richard.Owen@ky.gov. The certificates will be returned to the class facilitator for distribution.

Code of Federal Regulations 1910.120(q)(6)(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) First responders at the awareness level, who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous substance release, must be trained to initiate an emergency release sequence. They shall have sufficient training to objectively demonstrate competency in numerous areas. 1 1

Code of Federal Regulations 1910.120(q)(6)(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) *Understand what hazardous substance are and the risks associated with them in an incident. *Be able to recognize the presence of hazardous substance in an emergency. *Identification of the hazardous substances, if possible. *Understand first responder awareness level role in plans and procedures. *Understand how to use DOT Emergency Response Guidebook. *Understand how to use Material Safety Data Sheets. 1 1

First Responder Awareness Level Training UNIT 1 - Preparation 1 1

Unit 1 Objectives Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements. Identify the role of the Awareness Level First Responder. Identify the roles of the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC). 2 2

Hazardous Materials Defined in numerous ways Simplified Definition U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Simplified Definition 3 3

Hazardous Materials Incidents “Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally available to first responders AND they demand a different operational approach! 4 4

Sources of Danger Thermal Chemical Etiological Psychological Asphyxiation Radiological Mechanical 5 5

Public Safety “Duty to Act” Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”. Level of involvement is defined by employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP). The actions expected to be taken should be in Standard Operating Procedure format. NEVER exceed level of training and protection! 6 6

Awareness Level Response Recognition Isolation Protection Notification 7 7

North American Emergency Response Guidebook Tool for success. Every emergency vehicle should have a copy. Purpose An aid for identification of the material involved. Outlines basic initial actions. Recommends protective action areas. Serves as an initial incident safety plan. 8 8

Legal Mandates Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of 1986 (SARA 1986). SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to develop safety regulations for responders. SARA Title III requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies. 9 9

Legal Mandates: OSHA 1910 Subpart H-Hazardous materials 1910 Subpart I-Personal protective equipment 1910.178(a)(2)-Powered industrial trucks general design and construction standards 1910.178(a)(3)-Powered industrial trucks labeling 1910.178(a)(7)-Approved truck 9 9

Legal Mandates: OSHA 1910.178(f)(1)-Storage and handling of liquid fuel 1910.178(f)(2)-Storage and handling of liquid petroleum gas 1910.178(i)(1)-Carbon monoxide levels 1910.1000-Air contaminants 1910.1201-Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels 9 9

Legal Mandates: OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120-Employees who work in an area, or areas, where there is a potential to witness or discover an uncontrolled release of a hazardous substance and whose response actions will be limited to initiating emergency response procedures by notifying the proper authorities, must receive first responder awareness level training. 9 9

Legal Mandates: OSHA Such employees are not limited to police, hospital or fire department personnel, but includes any employees meeting the previous description. Training requirements must be derived from the roles assign in the Emergency Response Plan and/or procedures. 9 9

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER) OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA Title I, Section 126. Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311. Enforced in Florida by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and EPA. 10 10

Five Levels of Training First Responder Awareness Level. First Responder Operational Level. Hazardous Materials Technician. Hazardous Materials Specialist. Hazardous Materials Incident Commander. 11 11

Operational Modes Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions. Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions. The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety. 12 12

First Responder Awareness Level Training Unit 2 - Hazard Identification 1

Unit 2 - Hazard Identification Unit Objectives - Identify the six clues to the presence of hazardous materials. - Identify the various hazard classes of hazardous materials. - Describe ways to determine the specific identity of a hazardous material. 2

Awareness Level Response Recognition Isolation Protection Notification 3

Six Basic Clues to Recognition 1 - Occupancy and location. 2 - Container shape and size. 3 - Placards and labels. 4 - Shipping papers/facility documents. 5 - Markings and colors. 6 - Human senses. 4

Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location Specific occupancy or general area. Fixed facilities. Five modes of hazardous materials transportation: Rail, air, marine, highway and pipeline. Drug lab considerations. 5

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size Classifications Portable, fixed or transportation. Pressure Non-pressurized, low or high pressure. Vapor Pressure and Storage The higher the pressure, the greater the potential for catastrophic failure. BLEVE! 6

Clue # 3 - Placards and Labels Placards and their limitations Not always required. The 1000 pound rule. Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class. Nine Hazard Classes Subdivided into divisions. Refer to page 11 of 1996 ERG. 7

Hazard Class 1 - Explosives Subdivided into 6 divisions 1.1 - Mass explosion hazard 1.2 - Projectile hazard 1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile 1.4 - Minor explosion 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives 1.6 - Extremely insensitive 8

Hazard Class 2 - Gases Pressurized or liquefied Compressed nitrogen and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) are examples. Product and container present hazards. Three Subdivisions 2.1 - Flammable gases. 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous. 2.3 - Poisonous Gases. 9

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature. Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite. Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources. 10

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids Three subdivisions 4.1 - Flammable Solids. 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible. 4.3 - Dangerous when wet. 11

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn. With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion. Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable. 12

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances Poisonous to human Can include severely irritating substances. “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid, Carbon Tetrachloride. Infectious Substances Potential to cause diseases in humans. Anthrax, human blood and many body fluids. 13

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials Ionizing radiation hazard. Exposure does not always result in contamination. Safety Rules Time, Distance and Shielding. Shipped in specialized containers. 14

Hazard Class 8 - Corrosives 15

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials ORM A - Dry Ice ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts ORM D - Consumer commodities ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes 16

Pesticide Labels Product name Active ingredients Signal word Caution Warning Danger (Poison) Precautionary statements 17

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents 18

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard Communication Standard and The Florida Right-to-Know Law. Found at fixed facilities. Provides a variety of information. Emergency Response Plans (ERP). Emergency Action Plans (EAP). 19

Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors Container colors are not always standardized UN/NA identification numbers. NFPA 704 Diamond. Military markings. 20

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Clue # 6 - Human Senses TASTE TOUCH SMELL SIGHT SOUND RISK LEVEL High Low 22

Methods of Identification Once you recognize, try to identify. Location of material name Shipping papers MSDSs (fixed facilities) Facility Pre-Plans Employees and bystanders If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class. 23

Unit Summary Goals of recognition and identification Recognize, Classify, Identify Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials Occupancy and location, container shape and size, placards and labels, shipping papers and facility documents, markings and colors, the human senses. There are nine general classes of hazardous materials. 24

First Responder Awareness Level Training Unit 3 - Taking Control 1 1

Objectives Identify the procedures for initiating your Emergency Response Plan. Identify the proper procedures for implementing protective action distances. Take actions necessary to properly isolate the incident. 2 2

North American Emergency Response Guidebook Goal Purpose & Limitations 3 3

Steps for Proper Use of the ERG Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials Name Four digit ID number Placard description Look up the guide page number. Take basic protective actions according to the guide page. Initiate isolation and evacuation according to protective action distances. 4 4

Basic Protective Actions Main Objectives Isolate Protect by preventing contamination. Initiate your Emergency Response Plan (Notify). 5 5

Proper Guide Page Use 6 6

Table of Protective Action Distances 7 7

Protective Action Options Shelter in-place Short duration incidents. Greater hazard to attempt to move. Impractical to evacuate. Evacuation Potential for massive fire or explosion. Long duration incidents. 8 8

Emergency Response Information Firefighting Definition of “Haz-Mat Fire”. Defensive Vs. Offensive. Role of the awareness responder. Spill / Leak Control Not an awareness level role. First Aid Remember to prevent secondary contamination. 9 9

Unit Summary ERG provides guidelines. You can find a guide page by: Name, ID number or placard comparison. Basic instructions - page 1. Two indexes Orange guide pages Green protective action pages 10 10

First Responder Awareness Level Training Unit 4 - “Termination” 1

Objectives Identify the three actions necessary for proper termination. Identify the information that should be received by responders during on scene debriefing. 2

Reasons for Termination Required by OSHA. Relates important information to the responders. Insures exposures are documented. Insures that we improve our future responses. 3

Steps to Proper Termination On-scene debriefing. Incident critique. After action analysis. 4

Exercise Recognition Isolation Protection Notification 4

Thank You For Your Participation For additional assistance contact: Richard T. Owen Education Cabinet Safety Coordinator 601 East Main Street Frankfort, Kentucky 40601 502-564-7346 Richard.Owen@ky.gov 4