UNECE Single Window for International Trade Tom Butterly Chief, Global Trade Solutions United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)

UNECE Agenda  Single Window Fundamentals  Standards Available from UN/CEFACT  Key issues in Implementing a Single Window

UNECE Agenda  Single Window Fundamentals  Standards Available from UN/CEFACT  Key issues in Implementing a Single Window

UNECE Single Window Definition UN/CEFACT Recommendation 33 “A facility that allows parties involved in trade and transport to lodge standardised information and documents with a single entry point to fulfil all import, export and transit related regulatory requirements. If information is electronic, then individual data elements should only be submitted once.’

UNECE FROMTO Single Window Concept Should be based on International Standards

UNECE UN Recommendation 33 on Single Window Recommends Governments to establish Single Window for Cross Border Trade Defines features:  … one time submission ..of standardized information and documents  sharing of information amongst government agencies;  coordinated controls and inspections of the various governmental authorities;  Allow payment of duties and other charges;  Be a source of trade related government information.

UNECE Single Window Facilities in many countries … some examples  Finland  Germany  Guatemala  Hong Kong SAR (China)  Mauritius  Japan  Malaysia  Senegal  Singapore  Sweden  United States  Ghana

UNECE Diversity of SW models : A dopting to specific national/regional conditions and requirements  Financing By the State (Finland, Sweden, United States), By the private sector (e.g. Guatemala, Germany) Public-private partnership (e.g. Ghana, Mauritius, Senegal, Singapore)  The use of Single Window Compulsory (Finland, Guatemala, Mauritius, Senegal) Voluntary (Germany, Malaysia, Sweden, United States)  Services Free on charge (Finland, Sweden, United States) Paid based on various payment schemes (Guatemala, Germany, Malaysia, Mauritius, Senegal, Singapore)

UNECE A Single Window is..  essentially a political / organizational / procedural concept –  it is not a technology system (only)!

UNECE Why Implement a Single Window? Reduce cost and time; increase predictability Simplify processes for trade Simplify and automate data exchange Advance information and security Reduce corruption Increase competitiveness of the national economy The New Trade Facilitation implementation mechanism

UNECE KEY FACTORS IN ESTABLISHING A SUCCESSFUL SINGLE WINDOW  Political will  Strong Lead Agency  Partnership between Government and Trade  Partnerships with Other Government Agencies  Process analysis, simplification, harmonization and standardization  Clear Project Boundaries and Objectives (Clear Scope)  Strep by Step Implementation (Pilots)  Use of International Standards and Recommendations  Managing the project and the Change Process

UNECE Agenda  Single Window Fundamentals  Standards Available from UN/CEFACT  Key issues in Implementing a Single Window

UNECE UN/CEFACT Single Window Specific Recommendations UN/CEFACT Recommendation & Guidelines on Establishing a Single Window (Recommendation No 33) Draft UN/CEFACT Recommendation 34 - Data Simplification & Standardization for International Trade UN/CEFACT Recommendation 35 - Establishing a Legal Framework for an International Single Window Currently preparing a Single Window Implementation Framework (SWIF)– change management issues UN/CEFACT Repository of Single Window applications

UNECE Rec:19 Mode of Transport Rec:16 UN/Locode ISO Country Code Rec: 17 Payment Terms Rec:9 Currency Code Rec:20 Units of Measurement Rec: 28 Means of Transport Commodity Code Rec: 21 Package Codes

UNECE Paper Document aligned to UN Layout Key Electronic Document Exchange XML or UN/EDIFACT Electronic Edit Form <n:Invoice xmlns:n="urn:oasis:names:tc:ubl:Invoice:1.0:0.70" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:oasis:names:tc:ubl:Invoice:1.0:0.70 UBL_Library_0p70_Invoice.xsd"> token Bills Microdevices Joes Office Supply 1 5 Pencils, box #2 red Paper to Paperless

UNECE Data Dictionaries and Data Exchange Data Dictionaries United Nations Trade Data Element Directory – UNTDED UN/CEFACT Core Component Library – CCL Electronic Data Exchange Rec 25: Use of the UN/EDIFACT Standard These are also ISO Standards

UNECE The Core Components Library of UN/CEFACT The foundation of the library is the definition of the formats and semantic content of data Each “Core Component” captures and defines the details of a concrete concept used in business or administration (for example: address)

UNECE Cross Border Data Exchange between Single Windows Must be based on International Standards Country A Country B

UNECE Agenda  Single Window Fundamentals  Standards Available from UN/CEFACT  Key issues in Implementing a Single Window

UNECE Implementa tion Plan National Data Harmonization Single Window Business/Political Process - Collaboration Between Trader and Government (UN/CEFACT Rec. 4, Rec. 18) and between government agencies, UN/CEFACT International Supply Chain Reference model, Business Process Analysis Guide, Unified Modeling Methodology (UMM), GFP Audit Methodology UN Layout Key, Master Document, UNTDED, TF Toolkit and Forms Repository UNTDED, Core Component Library, UN LOCODE and code lists, Rec 34, WCO Data Model Recommendations 33, and 35 Document Simplification and Standardization Step by Step Implementation Based on International Standards Process Analysis and Simplification Single Window Implementation Framework (SWIF)

UNECE Phased SW Implementation (Korea)

UNECE Key SW Implementation Issues  A Single Window needs the support (political will) and participation (partnership) of all relevant agencies and private sector participants that participate in International trade  Single Window implementation is a 10+ year Project (decision making, funding planning, data modelling, Legal environment, service provider, business model,..) – step by step ….

UNECE SWeL: Single Window e-Logistics MOC: Ministry of Commerce OGAs: Other government agencies DOF: Department of Fisheries EDI: Electronic Data Interchange MICT: Ministry of Information and Communication Technology TH eGIF: Thailand’s e-Government Interoperability Framework NSWx: National Single Window hub for information sharing and exchange DLD: Department of Livestock Development PKI: Public Key Infrastructure Submission of declaration manually or electronically via EDI Paperless customs declaration and clearance (ebXML/XML/PKI) Implementation Plan for Thailand’s SWeL approved by the Cabinet Logistics development as one of the national agenda in Thailand’s Competitiveness Strategy Agreement to Establish and Implement ASEAN Single Window signed Cabinet’s designation of Customs as agency to lead SWeL implementation and MICT to manage the project and allocated budget Cabinet’s allocation of 31 million USD for SWeL implementation Business model study inclusive of analysis and simplification of business processes in export and import of strategic products Analysis and simplification of business processes for cross-border movement of goods in 4 modes (road, rail, sea, air) Data Harmonization Phase 1: transport documents Data Harmonization Phase 2: permits, licenses, certificates, and their application forms from 21 OGAs Data Harmonization Phase 3: documents required by OGAs and trade community including bank and insurance Development of trade facilitation systems (ebXML/XML/PKI) in 12 OGAs Development of Single Window Entry Prototype Pilot information sharing and exchange between Customs and 6 OGAs TH eGIF Establishment of National Root Certification Authority Electronic application for Certificate of Origin and trade permit from MOC Development of NSWx Development of e-Port, e-Toll, e-Gate Cross-border information sharing and exchange Electronic application for certificate, permit, and license from DLD and DOF Electronic Transaction Act Electronic Transaction Act (Amendment) Royal Decree on Regulatory Practices in e-Government Implementation Computer Crime Act Single Window Development in Thailand 23

UNECE Management and Steering of the Single Window Project Develop a long term master plan (with political support) that provides the mandate and objectives for the SW project over the long term … … with management and oversight of the project to a high Level Steering Board

UNECE Implementation Framwork Preliminary B Business Architecture C Information Systems Architecture D Technology Architecture F Migration Planning H Architecture Change Management A Architecture Vision E Opportunities and Solutions G Implementation Governance Requirements Management “ Adopted from An Enterprise Architecture Development Methodology, TOGAF-9. ADM. Policy integration Interagency Collaboration Project Planning Business Process Analysis Electronic documents e-Legislation Standards for Interoperability Software development Migration planning Feedback and lessons learned

UNECE Regional Single Window Initiatives  Regional Single Window initiatives, such as ASEAN APEC Asia Pacific European Commission Latin America  Key to regional initiatives is International Standards

UNECE Data exchange between Single Widows Source: Indonesia National Single Window, INSW,

UNECE Concluding Comments  Single Window is a key delivery mechanism for implementing trade facilitation and eBusiness concepts – the new TF implementation model!  SW Model should be based on local needs and step by step implementation - plan  Requires strong partnerships within government and between government and the private sector  International Standards are the basis for interoperability and scalability  UNECE standards and recommendations are available to support implementation

UNECE Follow-up All UNECE and UN/CEFACT Recommendations, codes, standards and publications are available for free on our website at:

UNECE  Thank you for your attention!  Questions?

UNECE A Single Window Project… Single Windows were initially envisaged as a facility to expedite and simplify information flows between trade and government (UN/CEFACT, 2005). However, in many countries, especially in developing countries and transition economies, Single Window projects have taken a much broader approach and are a strategic effort to simplify and automate cross-border trade usually at the national level and in some countries at the regional level. In implementing a Single Window, a Government aims to achieve a set of strategic objectives, including to increase revenue and transparency, to increase the competitiveness of the national economy, to achieve better integration into regional and global supply chains, or to meet wider policy agendas such as implementation of regional trade agreements. While these objectives and their importance are different in each country, the Single Window projects have certain features in common. For the project management it is important to understand these expectations and their implications for the project plan.