SESSION IV

M I S MIS refers broadly to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools for organizing, evaluating and efficiently running their departments. In order to provide past, present and prediction information, an MIS can include software that helps in decision making, data resources such as databases, the hardware resources of a system, decision support systems, people management and project management applications, and any computerized processes that enable the department to run efficiently.

Role of M I S Decision Support Decision Making Support Functions Performance Monitoring to establish relevant and measurable objectives to monitor results and performances (reach ratios) to send alerts, in some cases daily, to managers at each level of the organization, on all deviations between results and pre- established objectives and budgets.

Investment on M I S Core Competency Supply Chain Networks Distribution Channel Management Brand Equity E-commerce IT investment leads to better production processes boost production processes customization production processes computer aided design

Development of M I S 1950s and '60s, “elecsystems” could be afforded by only the largest organizations. They were used to record and store bookkeeping data such as journal entries 1970s “decision support systems” 1980s “decentralized computing”, “executive information system”, “expert system”

Impact of M I S Organization’s Function Performance Productivity

THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE Changing the Face of Business

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Define MIS and IT and describe their relationship 2. Validate information personally and organizationally as a key resource 3. Explain why people are the most important organizational resource

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES 4. Describe IT as a key organizational resource 5. Define competitive advantage and the role of IT to achieve a competitive advantage 6. Discuss how IT can and will impact your life

INTRODUCTION What is the Information age? – a time when knowledge is power Who is a Knowledge worker? – works with and produces information as a product. Outnumber all other types of workers by more than four-to-one

INTRODUCTION Define MIS – planning for, developing, managing, and using IT tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management Define IT – any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information processing needs of an organization

Use of IT

Telecommuting – the use of technologies to work in a place other than a central location

INFORMATION AS A KEY RESOURCE What is the difference between data and information? – raw facts versus data that have a particular meaning within a specific context

INFORMATION AS A KEY RESOURCE What is Business intelligence? – knowledge about your customers, competitors, business partners, competitive environment, and own international operations that gives you the ability to make effective, important, and often strategic business decisions. It includes different types of information

Personal Dimensions of Information

Organizational Dimensions of Information

Internal – specific operational aspects of an organization External – environment surrounding the organization Objective – something that is known Subjective – something that is unknown

PEOPLE AS A KEY RESOURCE You And technology result in Technology-literate knowledge worker – a person who knows how and when to apply technology

PEOPLE AS A KEY RESOURCE Information-literate knowledge workers…  Can define what information they need  Know how and where to obtain information  Understand the information  Can act appropriately

Your Ethical Responsibilities What are ethics? – the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people What are laws? Sometimes ethics and laws collide

Your Ethical Responsibilities Try to always be here

Key Technology Categories

Decentralized Computing, Shared Information, & Mobile Computing

Decentralized Computing Decentralized computing – an environment in which an organization distributes computing power and locates it in functional business areas as well as on the desktops of knowledge workers  Servers  Personal computers  PDAs  Tablet PCs

Shared Information Shared information – an environment in which an organization’s information is organized in one or more central locations, allowing anyone to access and use it as he or she needs to Necessary because businesses are greatly internally integrated today

Mobile Computing Mobile computing – broad general term describing your ability to use technology to wirelessly connect to and use centrally located information and/or application software M-commerce – electronic commerce conducted over a wireless device such as a cell phone, PDA, or notebook computer

IT IN SUPPORT OF BUSINESS What is competitive advantage? – Providing a product or service in a way that customers value more than what the competition is able to do IT can help in  Operational excellence  Major business initiatives (SCM)  Decision making (EIS)  Organizational transformation

Operational Excellence

Supply Chain Management

Executive Information System (EIS)

Organizational Transformation Organizations must continually transform to…  Stay ahead of the competition  Offer a competitive advantage  Survive

IT IN YOUR LIFE Your career Learn IT tools no matter your career choice Vertical market software – specific to a given industry Horizontal market software – general to many industries (e.g., accounting and payroll) You will have to manage technology

Ethics, Security, & Privacy Ethics must be a priority for you So must security and privacy

Ethics, Security, & Privacy Some software is “bad” Spyware (sneakware, stealthware) – software that comes hidden in free downloadable software and tracks your online movements, mines the information stored on your computer, or uses your computer’s CPU and storage for tasks you know nothing about

Ethics, Security, & Privacy Some people use technology in a bad way Identity theft – forging of someone’s identity for the purpose of fraud Identity theft may be as high as $5 trillion worldwide by 2005