Aim: how do we use our knowledge of dna to work for us? Genetic Engineering

DO NOW: READ THE FOLLOWING THEN IN YOUR NOTES EXPLAIN WHAT YOU WOULD DO AND WHY You are the leader of a developing nation. Hunger is a problem among citizens of your country: the saline (salty) coastal wetlands of your country can't support the growth of needed crops, and your slow economy can't support importing enough food for everyone. A biotechnology company has genetically modified a rice plant that can thrive in salt water, providing your nation with the opportunity to feed its citizens while bolstering its economy

Changing the Living World Artificial Breeding Hybridization Genetic engineering Cell transformation Genetically Modified Food Transgenic Gene pharming Cloning

is an example of artificial selection is the intentional breeding for certain traits, or combinations of traits, over others Selective breeding is an example of artificial selection is the process when a breeder (of animals) develops a cultivated breed over time, and selecting qualities within individuals of the breed that will be best to pass on to the next generation

Result – a plant that the farmers need to increase food production Hybridization Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms Example – crossing a disease resistant plant with a food-producing plant Result – a plant that the farmers need to increase food production

Recombinant DNA technology Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology Genetic modification/manipulation (GM) Gene splicing are terms that are applied to the direct manipulation of an organism's genes Method Used Cell transformation Is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the uptake and expression of foreign genetic material (DNA).

Genetic engineering has four main steps: Isolation of the genes of interest from donor Insertion of the genes into a vector Transformation of cells of organism to be modified Tests to isolate genetically modified organism (GMO)

Genetically modified (GM) foods have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering GM foods were first put on the market in the early 1990s. The most common modified foods are derived from plants: soybean, corn, canola and cotton seed oil.

The first commercially grown genetically modified whole food crop was the Flavr Savr tomato, which was made more resistant to rotting by Californian company Calgene The next GM crops included insect-protected cotton and herbicide-tolerant soybean both of which were commercially released in 1996. GM crops have been widely adopted in the United States.

Transgenics Gene pharming is a technology that scientists use to alter an animal's own DNA, or to splice in new DNA, called a transgene, from another species. Livestock such as cattle, sheep, goats, chickens, rabbits and pigs have already been modified in this way to produce several useful proteins and drugs. pharming

CLONING Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two clickandclone clonequiz

Reasons For CLONING Medical Purposes Reviving endangered species and extinct species Reproducing a deceased pet Cloning humans?????

As a family physician, you often treat children who suffer from infectious diseases that could easily be prevented through vaccination. But the parents of many of your patients cannot afford the cost of vaccinations. You hear of a new approach that would reduce the cost to a fraction of its current price: genetically modified fruits and vegetables that contain various vaccines. By simply eating a banana, a child could be protected against disease - without getting a shot!