List the structures in a plant cell and explain what their function is. State which ones are also found in animal cells.

Parts of the Cell PartFunctionFound in NucleusControls the cell’s functions Both CytoplasmSite of all the chemical reactions Both Cell MembraneControls entry and exit of substances Both VacuoleContains cell sap, gives support to the cell Plant cells only ChloroplastsSite of photosynthesis contain chlorophyll Green plant cells only Cell wallGives shape to the cell, prevents lysis Plant cells only

Give a dictionary definition of diffusion and explain 2 differences between diffusion and osmosis.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are evenly spread out. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

Explain where in the body diffusion takes place.

Diffusion in a Multi-cellular Animal

1.Write down the 6 stages of mitosis. 2.Why is it important that the chromosome complement is maintained? 3.Why is mitosis important in unicellular and multicellular organisms?

What are enzymes made from? What is the function of enzymes? Why are they called biological catalysts? Why are they said to be specific?

Enzymes Are biological catalysts Are found in all living cells Are proteins Are specific i.e. they only work on one substrate Catalyse synthesis and breakdown reactions

Explain how temperature affects enzyme activity.

Describe the range and optimum pH of enzymes.

What are the 2 possible reactions an enzyme can carry out and give an example of an enzyme, its substrate and its product for each.

Degradation – to break down Amylase – starch into maltose Synthesis – to build up Phosphorylase – glucose-1-phosphate into starch

How would you define the term metabolism?

All the chemical reactions taking place within an organism.

What is the equation for aerobic respiration? What is the purpose of respiration? What are the waste products of respiration?

Glucose+ oxygen → CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy Respiration is the release of energy from food using oxygen The waster products are carbon dioxide and water

What is the name of this piece of equipment and explain how it works. What is the purpose of the soda lime? You are measuring the respiration rate of a small animal, what would you need to change to set up a control?