HORTICULTURE STATISTICS 1 Arundhati Singh, Director(Horticulture) D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

OVERVIEW - HORTICULTURE A Prominent Segment under Agriculture Sector and the fastest growing sector Considerable attention in the 11 th Five Year Plan All States / UT covered under Two special Horticulture programmes of NHM and HMNEH Mission programme (NHM) in operation in 344 districts out of 476 districts of 18 States and UTs, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep (initially in 227 districts) Horticulture projects are capital intensive, have higher gestation period, need costly inputs including higher technology and efficient value change management. 2D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

HORTICULTURE – ADVANTAGE INDIA India is endowed with a remarkably heterogeneous area characterized by a great diversity of agro climatic zones, allowing for production of a variety of horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, plantation crops, root and tuber crops, and medicinal and aromatic crops. India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world. Horticulture exports has helped the country to earn Rs 14,000 crore in D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

SNAPSHOT OF HORTICULTURE Horticulture accounts for 30% of India’s agricultural GDP from 8.5% of the cropped area. India’s major exports include onion, mango pulp, fresh mangoes, dried walnuts, fresh grapes. India’s biggest export markets are South Asian & Middle east Countries. India’s share in the global market is insignificant – it accounts for 1.7% of the global trade in vegetables and 0.5% in fruits 4D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

HORTICULTURE STATISTICS WHY REQUIRED? WHAT IS THE PRESENT STATUS? WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS? WAY FORWARD 5D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

HORTICULTURE DATA WHY REQUIRED? To make correct assessment of growth in the horticulture sector. To ensure effective monitoring and evaluation of the concerned development policies and programs. To facilitate perspective planning and harnessing vast potential in the horticulture sector. Analyze data to gain better knowledge and understanding of the situation for taking appropriate measures to promote systematic development of horticulture sector. 6D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA AREA,PRODUCTION,YIELD DATA DATA ON COMMODITY PRICES, SUPPLIES (MARKET ARRIVALS), STORAGES ETC. EXPORT/IMPORT DATA DATA ON PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEMES (NHM, HMNEH ETC.) (COMPONENT WISE) - PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL ACHIEVEMENTS SUPPLEMENTARY DATA (RESEARCH STUDIES ETC.) 7D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA Multiple agencies involved in collection/ compilation of data. D/o Agriculture & Cooperation through State Horticulture Departments State Directorates of Economics and Statistics (DES) through Crop Estimation Survey-Fruits and Vegetables (Plan Scheme) Export/Import data (DGCIS, APEDA, DGFT) Crop Boards (CASHEWNUT/COCONUT/ SPICES etc.) Market Intelligence data through NHB and DMI in M/o AGRICULTURE. Research and Other Organizations (e.g. NHRDF, SFAC) 8D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

PRESENT STATUS OF HORTICULTURE DATA AREA,PRODUCTION, YIELD- CROP-WISE 22 TYPES OF FRUITS (e.g. BANANA, MANGO, CITRUS, APPLE, GUAVA, GRAPES, PINEAPPLE, PAPAYA, POMEGRANATE ETC. ) 20 TYPES OF VEGETABLES (e.g. POTATO, BRINJAL, TOMATO, TAPIOCA, ONION, CABBAGE, CAULIFLOWER, OKRA ETC.) FLOWERS (LOOSE AND CUT) PLANTATION CROPS (COCONUT, CASHEWNUT, ARECANUT, COCOA) SPICES (e.g. MUSTARD SEED, CHILLI, TURMERIC, GARLIC, GINGER, TAMARIND, CORIANDER, CUMIN, PEPPER, FENUGREEK ETC.) AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS 9D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

PRESENT SYSTEM OF DATA COLLECTION Fruits and Vegetables, Flowers, Nuts and Aromatic & Medicinal Plants, Coconut – State Departments of Horticulture and Agriculture Plantation crops (cashewnut, arecanut and cocoa) and spices –Directorate of Cocoa and Cashew nut Development (DCCD) –Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development (DASD) NHB brings out an annual publication `Indian Horticulture Database’ 10D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED Area Estimation: Girdawari On the basis of input supplied etc. Estimation of Production: Eye Estimation Oral enquiry from farmers Based on Productivity norms as calculated by GCES, CES-F&V Some scientific methods for some crops. 11D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

REVIEW COMMITTEE Horticulture data received from States / Boards/ Directorate are compiled by the Horticulture Division of DAC. Estimates are approved by a Review Committee under the Chairmanship of Principal Adviser, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation with following members –Economic and Statistical Adviser, DAC –Joint Secretary (NHM), DAC –Horticulture Commissioner, DAC –Managing Director, NHB –Adviser (Hort) DAC. 12D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

SCHEDULE OF DATA APPROVAL BY REVIEW COMMITTEE ( Agriculture crop year: July –June) EstimatesDate of finalization Date of receipt of data from States/UTs 1st Advance Estimates of the current year and Final Estimates of previous year 31st December10th December 2nd Advance Estimates of Current Year 15th May1st May 3rd Advance Estimates of Current year 31st August10th August 13 D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

HORTI. DATA- WHAT DOES IT TELL ? ANDHRA PRADESH, W.BENGAL, UTTAR PRADESH, MAHARASHTRA, TAMIL NADU, BIHAR, GUJARAT, KARNATAKA, MADHYA PRADESH AND ODISHA ARE THE LEADING STATES IN HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION. (contributing about 80% output - first 6 States producing more than half the total output). MAHARASHTRA, ANDHRA PRADESH, TAMIL NADU, GUJARAT, KARNATAKA AND U.P. ARE THE LEADING FRUIT PRODUCING STATES. (nearly 60% output). W BENGAL, U.P., BIHAR, ANDHRA PRADESH, MADHYA PRADESH, GUJARAT AND ODISHA ARE THE LEADING VEGETABLE PRODUCERS. (contributing over 60% output; first 4 States producing more than 40%). 14D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

HORTI. DATA- WHAT DOES IT TELL ? TOTAL HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRY IS MILLION TONNES IN ( 96.6 MILLION TONNES IN ). (FOODGRAIN PRODUCTION = 257 MILLION TONNES) TOTAL AREA UNDER HORTICULTURE CROPS IN IS 23.2 MILLION HA (12.8 MILLION HA IN ). MAJOR FRUITS- BANANA,MANGO AND CITRUS FRUITS; (CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 70% PRODUCTION) MAJOR VEGETABLES- POTATO, TOMATO, ONION, BRINJAL AND CABBAGE (CONTRIBUTE ABOUT 80% PRODUCTION) 15D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

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Trends in Fruits and Vegetables Production 19

WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS? LIMITATIONS IN THE EXISTING DATA –MULTIPLE AGENCIES COLLECTING AND COMPILING DATA- DIFFERENT METHODOLOGY AND COVERAGE –FREQUENT DATA REVISION –TIME LAG IN DATA AVAILABILITY. STATES ARE NOT ADHERING TO TIME SCHEDULE FOR SENDING THE DATA –DATA INCONSISTENCIES –EVEN THE METHODOLOGY ADOPTED BY VARIOUS STATE HORTICULTURE DEPARTMENTS VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. –DATA FOR CROPS EXCLUSIVELY GROWN IN A STATE, NOT BEING REPORTED BY THE STATE. 20D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS? LACK OF EFFECTIVE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM –ABSENCE OF PROPER SYSTEMATIC UNITS FOR COLLECTION / COMPILATION OF HORTICULTURE DATA –INEFFECTIVE DATA VALIDATION MECHANISM –NODAL AGENCY NOT OVERSEEING THE ENTIRE SET OF HORTICULTURE CROPS AND ABSENCE OF COORDINATION WITH OTHER AGENCIES –INADEQUATE USE OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO PROCESS AND ORGANIZE DATA 21D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

WHAT ARE THE CONSTRAINTS? DATA GAPS –LACK OF AUTHENTIC BASE LINE DATA FOR ALL STATES (DISTRICT LEVEL). –DATA ON EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL (DIRECT/INDIRECT). –PRODUCTIVITY PROFILE (CROP/REGION/DISTRICT WISE). –DATA ON COST OF CULTIVATION/ECONOMY OF FARMING OF DIFFERENT HORTICULTURAL CROPS. –PRODUCTION – HOW MUCH FLOW TO THE MARKET AND FARMER’S OWN CONSUMPTION SHARE. –POST HARVEST LOSSES AND WASTAGES IN THE TRANSIT –NO OPERATIONAL MANUAL FOR FIELD STAFF 22D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

WAY FORWARD AND PLAN OF ACTION 1.COORDINATION BETWEEN STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE AND DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS & STATISTICS NEED TO BE STRENGTHENED TO GENERATE RELIABLE HORTICULTURE STATISTICS. 2.STRENGTHEN THE LOWEST FUNCTIONARY REPORTING HORTICULTURE DATA FROM THE SELECTED VILLAGES/ TEHSILS. 3.DESIGNATE NODAL OFFICER IN EACH STATE TO VALIDATE, COORDINATE AND SUPPLY DATA. ENVISAGE DATA CONSORTIUM TO CHECK INTERNAL DATA VARIATION AND INCONSISTENCY. 4.FOR FACILITATING SMOOTH COLLECTION, COORDINATION AND DISSEMINATION OF HORTICULTURE DATA FROM DISTRICT LEVEL TO CENTRE, STATE DEPARTMENTS NEED TO DEVELOP A STATE HORTICULTURE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS). 23 D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

WAY FORWARD AND PLAN OF ACTION 5.BESIDES THE BASIC DATA FOR AREA AND PRODUCTION, THRUST SHOULD ALSO BE ON TIMELY AVAILABILITY OF THE RELATED DATA LIKE STORAGE, MARKET ARRIVALS, PRICES, EXPORTS ETC. 6.CONDUCT/ORGANIZE HORTICULTURE CENSUS TO CREATE/UPDATE BASE-LINE (DISTRICT) DATA. 7.EXTEND CROP CUTTING EXPERIMENTS TO COVER ALL IMPORTANT HORTICULTURE CROPS. 8.PREPARATION OF GUIDELINES / MANUALS FOR COLLECTION OF DATA FOR VARIOUS CROPS. 9.FOR COLLECTION OF DATA, ADOPT UNIFORM METHODOLOGY/APPROACH TO ENSURE CONCEPTUAL HOMOGENEITY. 10.IN THIS CONNECTION, AN ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BY IASRI. 24D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

Alternative Methodology AN ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BY IASRI TAKING INTO ACCOUNT INFORMATION FLOWING FROM ALL SOURCES INCLUDING MARKET ARRIVALS, EXPORTS AND GROWERS ASSOCIATIONS. THE METHODOLOGY NEEDS TO BE PILOTED IN FIVE STATES NAMELY, ANDHRA PRADESH, MAHARASHTRA, HIMACHAL PRADESH, UTTAR PRADESH AND KARNATAKA BEFORE EXTENDING TO THE ENTIRE COUNTRY. THE BROAD OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY INCLUDED: TO TEST THE DEVELOPED ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATION OF ACREAGE UNDER EACH MAJOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CROPS TO TEST THE DEVELOPED ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATION OF YIELD RATES AND TOTAL PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CROPS GROWN IN THE STATE TO ESTIMATE AREA AND PRODUCTION OF MAJOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES USING REMOTE SENSING –GIS AND FIELD SURVEY. 25

Alternative Methodology THE IASRI PROPOSAL FOR THE ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY HAS FINANCIAL IMPLICATION OF RS CRORE. FOR THE BETTERMENT OF HORTICULTURE STATISTICS, THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY. CAN THE STATES COME UP WITH SOME WAY OUT FOR FUNDING THIS ENDEAVOUR? 26D/o Agriculture & Cooperation, GOI

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