ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN ACADEMIC AND REGIONAL THEATERS Health & Safety 260 Bill Reynolds Scott Hansen Greg Petruska

Session Goals and Overview Learn key requirements for an effective safety and health program. Know of resources to guide your program’s development and implementation Have a legal context for developing a program. Compare your current program to guidelines and requirements. Learn what other theaters are doing. 2 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Session Handout and Review Available on USIIT app for the session Also, use the session evaluation on the app 3 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Guidelines An effective program includes: Provisions for identification, evaluation and prevention or control of hazards Plans to respond to emergencies Exceeds requirements of the law to address all hazards Is a written program required? 4 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Safety and Health Programs Effective programs include several major elements 5 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Resources for Safety and Health Programs OSHA 1926 Subpart C-Safety and Health Program Management Guidelines Management commitment and employee involvement Worksite analysis Hazard prevention control Safety and health training 6 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Resources for Safety and Health Programs ANSI Z Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) Management leadership and employee participation Planning Implementation and operations Risk assessments; controls; training Evaluation and corrective action Management review 7 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

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Resources for Safety and Health Programs Workplace Safety and Health Division, Manitoba, Canada Setting up a Workplace Safety and Health Program Develop policy/demonstrate commitment Identify, assess and control hazards Plan for emergencies Conduct inspections Train supervisors and workers Investigate accidents Evaluate your program 9 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

British HSE-OHSAS Key elements of a H&S Management System Policy - Effective H&S policies set a clear direction for the organization to follow. Organizing - An effective management structure and arrangements are in place for delivering the policy. Planning - A planned and systematic approach to implementing the H&S policy. Measuring performance - Performance is measured against agreed standards. Auditing and reviewing performance - The organization learns from experience and applies the lessons. 10 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Effective Safety & Health Programs Must be workplace specific Must have the commitment from the employer and top leadership Must have input from everyone Must assign clear responsibilities and accountabilities Must have an evaluation process Must be available and effectively communicated 11 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Who is Responsible for Safety? “The duty for creating and maintaining a safe and healthy workplace falls on every person in the workplace, to the degree they have the authority and ability to do so.” Employers have the greatest degree of control, and the greatest degree of legal responsibility. 12 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Legal Responsibility & Due Diligence What is Due Diligence? Take every precaution that is reasonably practicable in the circumstances to avoid work related injury or illness. Reasonably Practicable Foreseeable Preventable Controllable Accountable for Acts and Omissions 13 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

S&H Programs and Due Diligence Establish a safety and health program. Ensure that the safety and health program is adequate. Monitor and evaluate the safety and health programs effectiveness. 14 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Safety and Health Programs-Steps 1. Management Commitment 2. Employee Involvement 3. Worksite Analysis 4. Control Hazards and Exposures 5. Prepare for Emergencies 6. Investigate Accidents & Incidents 7. Safety and Health Training 8. Evaluate, Review and Revise 15 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

1. Management Commitment Write and communicate a policy statement that demonstrates commitment, including... Philosophy Objectives Responsibility Accountability Expect the S&H program to achieve the same level of excellence as other programs. 16 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Management Commitment Recommended Actions: Provide adequate authority and resources to responsible parties Hold managers, supervisors, and employees accountable for meeting their responsibilities Review program operations at least annually, to evaluate, identify deficiencies, and revise, as needed 17 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Management Commitment Recommended Actions: State clearly a worksite safety and health policy Establish and communicate a clear goal and objective for the safety and health program Provide visible top management involvement in implementing the program 18 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

1. Management Commitment Examples of Safety and Health program policy statements. 19 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

2. Employee (Students/Faculty/Staff) Involvement Including... Program development Program implementation Right to Know Right to Participate Responsible for the safety of others Accountable for their safety 20 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

2. Employee (Students/Faculty/Staff) Involvement What Works: Student/faculty/staff involvement in Safety and Health program. 21 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

3. Worksite Analysis Hazard identification and assessment Identify existing hazards Assess conditions that might create new hazards Conduct baseline survey Schedule periodic update inspections Work areas, work processes, work procedures Tools, equipment, machinery, rigging 22 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

3. Worksite Analysis Examine routine tasks Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) New processes and infrequently preformed jobs Production related hazards 23 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

3. Worksite Analysis Setting priorities Hazards Health Safety Severity Risk All hazards must be controlled 24 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

4. Control Hazards and Exposures Develop, select and implement controls Hierarchy of Controls Eliminate Substitution Engineering Administrative; work practices PPE 25 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

3-4. Inspections, Analysis and Controls What Works--examples: Inspections Hazards assessment Productions Job hazard analysis Controls 26 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

5. Planning for Emergencies Identify potential emergency situations Accidents Injuries Evacuations Weather-related Shooter 27 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

5. Planning for Emergencies Develop written plans Identify and assemble resources Train Provide for emergency response Drills 28 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

5. Planning for Emergencies Drills Assign responsibility Coordinate with local responders Post incident debrief and review 29 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

5. Planning for Emergencies What Works: Plans in place Training and drills Incidents; lessons learned 30 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness Incidents Accident Near Miss Dangerous occurrence Injury Minor Serious 31 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness Reporting Response Documentation Recordkeeping Follow-up and corrective action 32 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness What Works: Reporting Investigations Injuries Near-misses Recordkeeping 33 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

7. Safety and Health Training Assess needs What, how and by whom Supervisor’s responsibilities Orientation New job, new process, new equipment Coordinate with job performance assessment 34 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

7. Safety and Health Training Production-related training Rigging Automation Cast and crew onstage Hazards and harm 35 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

7. Safety and Health Training Documentation Assess learning Re-training Record keeping Include S&H Program: Policies Expectations Requirements 36 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

7. Safety and Health Training What Works: Students: academic programs Employees: new hires; short-term Documentation; testing; record- keeping 37 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

8. Evaluate, Review and Revise Know if the program is working Frequency Define who is involved Partial or complete Reporting 38 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

8. Evaluate, Review and Revise Statistics and comparisons Trends by shows Training/re-training 39 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

8. Evaluate, Review and Revise What Works: Post-production Season or Academic Year Who’s involved? 40 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Theater Safety and Health Programs Challenges-Theater Production Short-term Turn-over Changing operations Creative demands Deadlines and budgets 41 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Theater Safety and Health Programs Opportunities-Theater Production Defined procedures Best Practices Guides and constraints Consistency 42 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Theater Safety and Health Programs Final Questions, Suggestions and Ideas 43 USITT 2013-S&H Programs

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