1 EMF ASSESSMENT BY MEASUREMENT (IVORIAN CASE ) GUY-MICHEL KOUAKOU Head of standardization service VICE-CHAIR OF STUDY GROUP 5

2 PLAN National Context National Context Post-processing analysis Post-processing analysis EMF assessment EMF assessment Measuring equipment Measuring equipment Flowchart for measurement Flowchart for measurement Some statistics Some statistics Conclusion Conclusion

3 NATIONAL CONTEXT No legal protection framework in place for EMF related health issues. No legal protection framework in place for EMF related health issues. Major public concerns, misinformation about EMF health related issues and particularly EMF effects from base stations. Major public concerns, misinformation about EMF health related issues and particularly EMF effects from base stations. Many people are against the installation and deployment of base stations in their neighbourhoods. Many people are against the installation and deployment of base stations in their neighbourhoods. ATCI (National Regulatory Authority) ensures the need to protect human health by adopting international standards such as: ATCI (National Regulatory Authority) ensures the need to protect human health by adopting international standards such as: –ITU-T recommendations for compliance and estimation of EMF (K.52, K.70) –ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) recommendation for exposure limits –CEPT recommendation for measurement procedures (ECC(02) 04 revised)

4 EMF ASSESSMENT Measurements campaign in the town of Abidjan (the capital). Measurements campaign in the town of Abidjan (the capital). Measurements were carried out in the 10 KHz to 6 GHz band Measurements were carried out in the 10 KHz to 6 GHz band In situ measurement: about 3 hours per location (1 month for all locations) In situ measurement: about 3 hours per location (1 month for all locations) some words about measurement protocol some words about measurement protocol –Based on three cases; –Case 1 for quick overview to find the point where the field is higher (1.1, 1.5, 1.7) –Cases 2 & 3 for detailed investigation which allow to scan variable frequency band to deal with specific services EMF Estimation for these locations were carried out using the EMF estimator (K.70) and technical characteristics of base stations at the varoius points. EMF Estimation for these locations were carried out using the EMF estimator (K.70) and technical characteristics of base stations at the varoius points. First step: 103 locations were identified for measurements but later restricted to 43 locations using a decision level of 0.3 v/m. First step: 103 locations were identified for measurements but later restricted to 43 locations using a decision level of 0.3 v/m.

5 FLOW CHART Exigences de protection de la santé respectée Exigences de protection non respectée Résultats> limites CIPRNI

6 MEASURING EQUIPMENT ANTENNESA EME SPY 120 (88Mhz - 3Ghz) For case 1: RF radiation meters with isotropic field probes and a dosimeter For case 1: RF radiation meters with isotropic field probes and a dosimeter EMR 300 W/G (10 Khz - 3 Ghz) Cases 2 & 3: Spectrum Analyser Cases 2 & 3: Spectrum Analyser x y z EMF from différent services (TV, FM, GSM …) Tri axis Probe Switch Spectrum analyser Anritsu MS2721B y z x

7 POST-PROCESSING (1/2) Measurement uncertainty estimation according to IEC guide: Measurement uncertainty estimation according to IEC guide: For each case equipment uncertainty was taken into account. For each case equipment uncertainty was taken into account. CAS 2 Input quantity Uncertainty of xi U(Xi)( %) Ci(CiU(Xi))2(%) Value (dB) distribution Antenna Factor2,00 normal25,891,0012,95 Cable0,20 2,331,001,16 isotropy1,70rectangular 21,621,00 12,48 Receiver2,00 25,891,0012,95 Combined standard uncertainty (66% ) 21,29 Expanded uncertainty (95 %) 41,74 IEC “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement IEC “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement Ed. 1, 1995

8 POST-PROCESSING (2/2) GSM measurement extrapolation was considered for maximum possible traffic. Measurements were done only for the permanent control channel. GSM measurement extrapolation was considered for maximum possible traffic. Measurements were done only for the permanent control channel. The extrapolation to the maximum traffic is then calculated by the following formula E max = E Control Channel x sqrt (n Transmitteers ) The determination of « n » was done in accordance with typical base stations configurations. The determination of « n » was done in accordance with typical base stations configurations. For each location an extrapolation factor was estimated. For each location an extrapolation factor was estimated.

9 RESULT Every measurement was found to have been in compliance with ICNIRP limits.

10 SOME STATISTICS The average field level per service was low (under 1V/m) except for GSM service where the average levels were V/m for GSM 900 and 2.67 V/m for GSM 1800 The average field level per service was low (under 1V/m) except for GSM service where the average levels were V/m for GSM 900 and 2.67 V/m for GSM 1800 Average field level per service According to ICNIRP limits. According to ICNIRP limits. GSM 900 represent 3.31% and GSM 1800 represent 4.70% Ratio between average value and ICNIRP limits

11 SOME STATISTICS For GSM 900 : 98 % of field levels was less than 10% of limits value (4 V/m) ; For GSM 900 : 98 % of field levels was less than 10% of limits value (4 V/m) ; For GSM 1800 : 89 % of EM field was less than 10% of limits value (5.68 V/m); For GSM 1800 : 89 % of EM field was less than 10% of limits value (5.68 V/m); Field level distribution per service

12 CONCLUSION K.GUIDE should include : K.GUIDE should include : –A detailed measurement procedure taking into account the work done by CEPT, CENELEC and IEC. –A detailed measurement procedure taking into account the work done by CEPT, CENELEC and IEC. –A procedure to choose relevants location for measurement –A methode to caculate extrapolation factor for GSM in multi-source and multi- operators environment. ATCI will work with GSM operators to reduce the level of exposure accordind to mitigation technics proposed by recommendation UIT-T K.7O. ATCI will work with GSM operators to reduce the level of exposure accordind to mitigation technics proposed by recommendation UIT-T K.7O. ATCI will use EMF estimator to assess the compliance of base station before their installation. ATCI will use EMF estimator to assess the compliance of base station before their installation.

13 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ?