Supercomputers and Supernetworks are Transforming Research Invited Talk Computing Research that Changed the World: Reflections and Perspectives Washington,

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Presentation transcript:

Supercomputers and Supernetworks are Transforming Research Invited Talk Computing Research that Changed the World: Reflections and Perspectives Washington, DC March 25, 2009 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

From Elite Science to the Mass Market Four Examples I Helped Mid-Wife: –Supercomputers to GigaHertz PCs –Scientific Visualization to Movie/Game Special Effects –CERN Preprints to WWW –NSFnet to the Commercial Internet Technologies Diffuse Into Society Following an S-Curve Automobile Adoption Source: Harry Dent, The Great Boom Ahead NSF Invests Here {

Launching the Nations Information Infrastructure: NSFnet Supernetwork and the Six NSF Supercomputers NCSA NSFNET 56 Kb/s Backbone (1986-8) PSC NCAR CTC JVNC SDSC Supernetwork Backbone: 56kbps is 50 Times Faster than 1200 bps PC Modem!

The NSFnet was Commercialized in 1995 Leading to Todays Internet Visualization by NCSAs Donna Cox and Robert Patterson Traffic on 45 Mbps Backbone December 1994

Fifteen Years from Bleeding Edge Research to Mass Consumer Market 1990 Leading Edge University Research Center-NCSA –Supercomputer GigaFLOPS Cray Y-MP ($15M) –Megabit/s NSFnet Backbone 2005 Mass Consumer Market – PCs are Multi-Gigahertz ($1.5k) – Megabit/s Home DSL or Cable Modem NSF Blue Waters Petascale Supercomputer (2011) Will be Over 1 Million Times Faster than Cray Y-MP! Enormous Growth in Parallelism Processors: Y-MP 4, Blue Waters 200,000

An Unexpected Benefit of NSF Investments: NCSA Mosaic Led to the Modern Web World 100 Commercial Licensees NCSA Programmers 1990 Open Source Licensing Source: Larry Smarr NCSA Collage 1993

From Scientific Visualization of Supercomputing Science to Movie Special Effects NCSA Computer Graphics From NCSA to ILM 1991 Stefen Fangmeier

Exponential Increases in Supercomputer Speed and Visualization Technology Drive Understanding and Applications Source: Donna Cox, Robert Patterson, Bob Wilhelmson, NCSA Showed Thunderstorms Arise from Solving Physics Equations Vastly Higher Resolution Uncovers Birth of Tornadoes

Frontier Applications of High Performance Computing Enabled by NSFs TeraGrid Designing Bird Flu Drugs Investigating Alzheimers Plaque Proteins Improving Hydrogen Storage in Fuel Cells

Department of Energy Office of Science Leading Edge Applications of Petascale Computers Flames Supernova Parkinsons Fusion

Broadband Depends on Your Application: Data-Intensive Science Needs Supernetworks Mobile Broadband – Mbps Home Broadband –1-5 Mbps University Dorm Room Broadband – Mbps Dedicated Supernetwork Broadband –1,000-10,000 Mbps 100,000 Fold Range All Here Today! The future is already here, its just not evenly distributed William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

Dedicated 10,000Mbps Supernetworks Tie Together State and Regional Fiber Infrastructure NLR 40 x 10Gb Wavelengths Expanding with Darkstrand to 80 Interconnects Two Dozen State and Regional Optical Networks Internet2 Dynamic Circuit Network Is Now Available

NSFs OptIPuter Project: Using Supernetworks to Meet the Needs of Data-Intensive Researchers OptIPortal– Termination Device for the OptIPuter Global Backplane Calit2 (UCSD, UCI), SDSC, and UIC LeadsLarry Smarr PI Univ. Partners: NCSA, USC, SDSU, NW, TA&M, UvA, SARA, KISTI, AIST Industry: IBM, Sun, Telcordia, Chiaro, Calient, Glimmerglass, Lucent

ChallengeHow to Bring Scalable Visualization Capability to the Data-Intensive End User? ORNL 35Mpixel EVEREST LLNL 20 Mpixel Wall NCSA 4 MPixel NSF Alliance PowerWall TACC 307 Mpixel Stallion NSF TeraGrid Mpixel HiPerWall NSF MRI EVL 100 Mpixel LambdaVision NSF MRI 2008 A Decade of NSF and DoE Investment-- Two Orders of Magnitude Growth!

OptIPortals: Scaling up the Personal Computer For Supernetwork Connected Data-Intensive Users Two 64K Images From a Cosmological Simulation of Galaxy Cluster Formation Mike Norman, SDSC October 10, 2008 log of gas temperature log of gas density

The Data-Intensive Research OptIPlatform Backplane for Cyberinfrastructure: A 10Gbps Lightpath Cloud National LambdaRail Campus Optical Switch Data Repositories & Clusters HPC HD/4k Video Images HD/4k Video Cams End User OptIPortal 10G Lightpath HD/4k Telepresence Instruments