State of California: Governing in the Information Age Invited as Keynote Speaker Sacramento, CA November 28, 2001 Larry Smarr Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

Challenges of Emergency Preparedness That the Future Internet Will Impact How Do We Know: –The Detailed Current State of the System NOW? –What the Future Evolution of the Situation is Likely to Be? How Can We Achieve: –An Overall Situational Awareness? –A Common Operational Picture? How Do We Communicate With: –Crisis Managers? –First Responders? How Can We Decide: –Which Problem to Attack First? –Which Assets Should Be Deployed Where and When? Digital Government Will Be on the Front Lines!

Governor Davis Has Initiated Four New Institutes for Science and Innovation UCSB UCLA California NanoSystems Institute UCSF UCB California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research UCI UCSD California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society UCSC UCD UCM

Cal-(IT) 2 An Integrated Approach to the Future Internet UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community Partnered With Over 50 Companies

How Can the Future Internet Enhance Capabilities for Emergency Preparedness? Enabled by Expansion of Internet Infrastructure –Wireless Extends Coverage Everywhere –Optical Backbone Provides High Bandwidth –New Generation of Sensors and Receivers Three Tier System –Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories –Collaborative Crisis Management Centers –Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Databases Building a Living-in-the-Future Laboratory –UCSD, UCI, and SDSU Campuses –San Diego, Orange County, Cross Border –Collaboration with City, County, and State Govts.

A Similar Layered Architecture is Needed for Defense and Civilian Emergency Response SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego

We Are About to Transition to a Mobile Internet ,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2, Mobile Internet Fixed Internet Subscribers (millions) Third Generation Cellular Systems Will Add Mobility, QoS, and High Speeds Source: Ericsson

Cellular Internet is Already Here At Experimental Sites UCSD Has Been First Beta Test Site –Qualcomms 1xEV Cellular Internet Optimized for Packet Data Services –Uses a 1.25 MHz channel –2.4 Mbps Peak Forward Rate –Part of the CDMA2000 Tech Family –Can Be Used as Stand-Alone Chipsets in Development Support –PacketVideos PVPlayer MPEG-4 –gpsOne Global Positioning System –Bluetooth –MP3 –MIDI –BREW Rooftop HDR Access Point

Cal-(IT) 2 Is Working on Interoperability of Wireless Internet LAN and WAN Available Now 6 months 12 months Wireless LANs Wireless WAN All of 2001

The FCC Unlicensed Band Can be Used to Create a High Speed Wireless Backbone The High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network A Cal-(IT) 2 Academic Partner Enabling a Broad Set of Science Applications Enables Internet Deployment to Remote Locations NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45mbps Duplex Backbone

HPWREN Project Demo of Fast Setup Wireless Internet for Crisis Response A Cal-(IT) 2 Academic Partner

Cal-(IT) 2 Wireless Services Middleware: Emerging Pieces Cal-(IT) 2 Wireless Services Interface UCI Wireless Infrastructures UCSD Wireless Infrastructures Cal-(IT) 2 Applications From Cal-(IT) 2 Mobile Software Summit at UCI J. Pasquale, UCSD Real-Time Services Mobile Code Location Awareness Power Control Security Data Management

Integrating Wireless, Sensor and Data-Management Technologies Source: Graviton, a Cal-(IT) 2 Partner

Cal-(IT) 2 Plans Environmental SensorNets Air and Water Pollution Sensor Development –Lead is Michael Sailor, UCSD Chemistry –Initially Temperature, Humidity, CO –Later Add CO 2, Ozone, NO x –Partnering with Graviton Wireless Internet Prototyping Sites –UCSD Campus –Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve –Rapid Prototyping Site –Linked to UCSD via HPWREN

The Wireless Internet Will Improve the Safety of Californias 25,000 Bridges New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links Cal-(IT) 2 Will Develop and Install Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

Maria Feng UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering Real-Time Monitoring of Bridges Through Wireless Internet

Fleets of Cars Will Become Wireless Sensor Platforms Cal-(IT) 2 Autonet Concept –Car Becomes a Mobile Internet, Peer-to-Peer Platform –Enables Distributed Sensing, Computation, and Control –Goal is Autonomous Distributed Traffic Control UC Irvines Institution of Transportation Studies –Creating a ZEVNET Living Laboratory –Initially 50 Toyota Zero Emission Electric Cars –Cal-(IT) 2 Adds GPS Tracking, Wireless Transforms UCIs Caltrans Advanced Transportation Management Systems Testbed into a Wireless SensorNet Testbed Source: Will Recker, UCI

Shrinking Flying Wireless Sensor Platforms: From Predator to Biomimetic Robots General Atomics Predator (Air Force, CIA) 300 Inches UC Berkeley Aerobot (ARO, DARPA, ONR) 20 Inches UC Berkeley Micromechanical Flying Insect Project 1 Inch (DARPA, ONR)

UC Berkeley 29 Palms SensorWeb Experiment Goals –Deploy a Sensor Network Onto a Road From an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) –Detect and Track Vehicles Passing Through the Network –Transfer Vehicle Track Information From the Ground Network to the UAV –Transfer Vehicle Track Information From the UAV to an Observer at the Base Camp Smart Dust – UC Berkeley

Cal-(IT) 2 Plans for Adding Wireless Sensors to Systems-on-Chip Memory Protocol Processors DSP Applications Sensors Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE; Rajesh Gupta, UCI ICS Embedded Software Radio Critical New Role of Power Aware Systems Internet Ad Hoc Hierarchical Network of Brilliant Sensors

Millions of Video Cameras Are Attaching to the Net London Underground –Initially 25,000 Video Cameras –Expansion to 250,000 Possible –British Transport Police Switch to Any Camera in 1 Sec. –Source: Telindus British CCTV System –Currently 2.5 Million CCTV Cameras Installed (NY Times) –Average London Citizen is Seen by 300 Cameras Per Day –Face Recognition Software Added in High Crime Areas Up to 6 Million Surveillance Cameras Across the USA in 5-7 Years –Privacy International Prediction

Image Processing / Analysis Traffic Data Parking Lot and Traffic Information to User User Submits Destination Parking Lot Query Handheld Device Video Feed of Parking Lot to Server Wireless Camera Agents Will Intermediate Between Us and the Grid UCI Campus Parking and Traffic Agent Sharad Mehrotra, UCI Database Repository

However, Broad Debate Is Needed to Avoid Citizen Revolt Against Privacy Violations

Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Control Rooms are Needed for Managing Crisis Response Integrate –Situational Awareness –Common Operational Picture –Local Data Warehouse with Remote Data Access –AI Data Mining of Distributed Databases –Spatial Data Analysis –Consequences Assessment Tool Set Source: Panoram Technologies

Cal-(IT) 2 Multi-Megapixel Displays for Seismic and Geosciences Monitoring Cal-(IT) 2 / SIO / SDSC / SDSU

Building Metro Optical Laboratories to Evaluate Emergency Preparedness Systems High Resolution Visualization Facilities –Data Analysis –Crisis Management Distributed Collaboration –Optically Linked –Integrate Access Grid Data and Compute –PC Clusters –AI Data Mining Driven by Data-Intensive Applications –Civil Infrastructure –Environmental Systems –Medical Facilities SDSC SIO UCSD Linking Control Rooms Cox, Panoram, SAIC, SBC, SGI, IBM, TeraBurst Networks UCSD Healthcare SD Telecom Council

Californias CENIC is Providing High Performance Optical Backbone Networks CENIC Optical Network Infrastructure (ONI) Initiative NSF TeraGrid Cal-(IT) 2 Metro Optical Testbed

From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UICs Elec. Vis. Lab Creating a Virtual Crisis Management Team Using Broadband Optical Fiber

Web Browser - Portal Interface Portal Engine User Preferences State Values Data Gather XML HTML Legacy and Problem Specific Databases, Collections, & Literature Analysis Tools: - Pattern Recognition - GIS Queries -Data Mining -Multi-Sensor Fusion Applications: -Epidemiology - Transportation Systems -... Common Portal Architecture Customized for Crisis Management Built on Prior SDSC and NCSA Work

Mediation of Information Using XML Allows Federation of Heterogeneous Databases Source: Gupta, Marciano, Zaslavsky, & Baru (SDSC)

Data Mining Across Agency Stovepipes Is an Essential Next Step CRIMINAL JUSTICE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PUBLIC HEALTH SECURITY INTEGRATED INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM Local State Federal INFORMATION SOURCES Cal-(IT) 2 is Partnering With SAIC On Emergency Preparedness

The Salt Lake City Olympics SAIC Solution

GIS Based Crisis Management Software Tools-- SAICs Consequences Assessment Tool Set (CATS) Prediction of Disaster Evolution – Hurricane, Earthquake, Terror Casualty Distribution Probabilities Response Management Source: SAIC

CATS California Governmental Users Burbank Fire Department Chino Valey Independent Fire District City of Anaheim City of Bakersfield Fire Department Colton Police Department Fremont Fire Department Kern County Fire Dept Idyllwild Fire Protection District Kings County Fire Department Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department Marin County Fire Department Metro Water District of Southern CA Red Bluff Police Department Sacramento Reg. Fire/EMS Comm Center San Bernardino County Sheriffs Depart. San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District San Diego County of Environmental Health San Diego County Health and Human Services San Diego County Office of Disaster Preparedness San Diego Fire and Life Safety Services San Diego Police Department Shasta County Sherrif Yuba City Fire Department

HOTLINKs for Damage Locations using GPS and Digital Photos on GIS Integrate Remote Reconnaissance with Satellite Imagery and Ground SensorNets Maria Feng UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering

HPWREN Can Provide High Speed Wireless Internet to Remote First Responders California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention

Handheld Devices Can Have Supercomputers & Huge Databases Inside Them b Wireless Interactive Access to: State of Computer Job Status Application Codes

Using Students to Invent the Future of Widespread Use of Wireless PDAs Makes Campus Transparent –See Into Departments, Labs, and Libraries Year- Long Living Laboratory Experiment –500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PC PDAs –Incoming Freshmen in Computer Science and Engineering Software Developed –ActiveClass: Student-Teacher Interactions –ActiveCampus: Geolocation and Resource Discovery –Extensible Software Infrastructure for Others to Build On Deploy to New UCSD Undergrad College Fall 2002 –Sixth College Will be Born Wireless –Theme: Art, Culture, and Technology –Study Adoption and Discover New Services Cal-(IT) 2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabrielle Wienhausen

ActiveCampus Explorer: PDA Roamer / FindMe Interface Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD CSE

Text/SMS Text/Mail ImagesMMS VideoDownload VideoSteaming The 3rd Generation Cellular Infrastructure Will Enable Broadband Personal Devices Source: Ericsson 3G Is Estimated to Grow From 1.3% of the Wireless Market in 2002 to 23% in 2007

Cross Linking Fixed and Mobile Video Cameras --Making Collaboration Mobile Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab Mohan Trivedi, UCSD Researching the Use of Internet Robots in Disaster Assistance

Heads Up Displays for First Responders- Augmented Reality Overlaying the Physical and Cyber Realities Source: Virginia Tech/Univ. Illinois, MIT, Univ Washington, UCSD