Capsize of Fishing Vessel (Purse seiner ) Daiei Maru No.11 June,2010 JTSB Japan Transportation Safety Board 1

The outline of the accident Daiei Maru No.11 with master, fishing chief and other 20 crews was sailing off the Isle of Hirado, Nagasaki Prefecture, west coast of Kyushu while proceeding to fishing ground in the East China Sea. At about 1705 UTC on 14 April 2009 the vessel capsized and then sank at1730 UTC off the Isle of Hirado. Of the vessel’s 22 of 10 crews ware rescued, 12 crews ware missing. The vessel was salvaged after five months under water. 2

(1) Fishing Vessel Registration Number NS (2) Port of registry Hirado, Nagasaki Pref. (3) Registered owner Daiei Fishery Co.,Ltd. (4) Gross tonnage 135 (L×B×D ＝ 45.55m×7.80m×3.20m) (5) Construction Steel (6) Engine Diesel (7) Propulsion 4 –blade controllable pitch propeller (8) Built April,1988 Vessel details

4 Reserve buoyancy and fishing gears of the vessel

Ikitsuki Oohashi Isle of Ikitsuki Ｉｓｌ ｅ ｏ ｆ Ｈ ｉｒａ ｄｏ Position of capsize and sinking 33°17.0′ N 129°16.6′ E 10 Ｍ 5 0 Time and date of capsize ： 08:05 April 2009 Time and date of sinking ： 08:30 April :15 April Set sail Course246° ～ 248° Speed abt, 約 13.2kn Course 244° ～ 247° Speed about.13.2kn Kyushu Republic of Korea Tsushima Location of the accident 5

Daiei maru No.38 Daiei maru No.58 Daiei maru No.11 Daiei maru No.1 Daiei maru No.8 約 1.0M 0.5 ～ 0.6M 2.0 ～ 2.2M 1.0 ～ 1.2M Home port Ikitsuki oohashi The fleet convoy at the accident 6 The purse seiner fleet was compose of the purse seiner, two of fish finding and lighting boats (No.8, No.1 ), and two carriers (No.38,No.58).

３．分析結果２ Environmental conditions In the vicinity of location of the accident Weather : cloudy Wind : NNE force about 13 ~ 15m/s Tidal stream : NE about 0.9kn Wave direction : NNE ~ NE Wave height : about 2 ~ 3m Wave period : 4.7 ~ 5.0 second Wave speed : 7.3 ~ 7.8 m/s (14.2 ~ 15.2 kn) ＜ Wave direction and wave height related directly to the capsize ＞ the first wave : wave direction NNE ~ NE wave height about 3 ~ 4m the second wave : wave direction N ~ NNE wave height about 4 ~ 5m 7

Diagrammatic illustration of capsize 8

Waterline length in still water condition Water line length on the wave crest Stability reduction on the wave crest ① Phenomena When a ship is riding a wave crest amidships and ship‘s bow & stern is situated wave trough, stability can be decreased substantially according to changes of the submerged hull form. When ship speed wave comes to wave speed, duration of this situation becomes longer and then, it causes the ship to capsizing and large heeling. ② Condition When a ship is situated in following and quartering sea, stability reduction on the wave crest may become critical within the range of following formula by IMO guidance. ０. ６Ｌ＜ λ ＜２. ３Ｌ L ： water line length (m) λ ： wave length (m) 9 Dangerous phenomena in quartering seas ＊ IMO MSC.1/Circ.1228 （ 11 Jan ） ”REVISED GUIDANCE TO THE MASTER FOR AVOIDING DANGEROUS SITUATIONS IN ADVERSE WEATHER AND CONDITIONS”

10 復原性減少 - 動画 Presented by National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering

11 Risk of surf-riding and broaching When a ship is situated on the steep forefront of a high wave in following or quartering sea conditions, the ship can be accelerated to ride on the wave. This is known as surf- riding. In this situation the so-called broaching-to phenomenon may occur, which endanger the ship to capsizing as a result of a sudden change of the ship’s heading and unexpected large heeling. According to the IMO guidance, a ship may encounters surf-riding and broaching under following conditions. １３５ ° ＜ α ＜２２５ ° Ｖ＞（１. ８） /cos( １８０－ α) （ kn ） α ： angle of encounter V: ship’s speed (kn), L: water line length (m)

Probable Cause When the vessel encountered the second wave after the first wave while she was sailing on quartering sea, the vessel reduced stability on the crest of the wave. It caused water shipping and trapping on deck and large roll motion to starboard side due to the fishing net shift. And the vessel continued turn to starboard side to restore inclining, but the inclining increased, which led to submerging of starboard bulwark to cause the capsize. 12

Safety opinion The fishing industry authority should instruct fishing industry and fishermen on risk of surf-riding, broaching and stability reduction in quartering seas to prevent recurrence of these accidents. 13

Thank you for your attention!