Brainstorm what you already know about development. Compare with a partner – can you come to a mutually agreed definition?

 Developed and developing countries  First world, second world, third world  “Rich North” and “Poor South”  MEDC, LEDC, NIC, RIC Phrases to describe differences in development have changed over time 1.Read page 522 to 524 of Advanced Geography. 2.What problems are there with these definitions? Any conflicts or contrasts?

1. Read Page 524 of Advanced Geography. 2. To what extent do you agree with Brandt’s key conclusions? 3. How much progress has been made in the time since Brandt wrote his report on those areas within the conclusion? Willy Brandt

 Whilst I read add a line to the Peter’s Projection map.  Examine p5 from Population, Resources and Development. ◦ Comment on the North-South Divide as a method of defining development. ◦ The map is based on the Peters Projection which shows the correct areal size of continents in relation to each other. Why do you think it is important to use such a projection to indicate development and the North – South divide? ◦ Place a ruler on the map to represent the position of the equator. Is the North South divide an appropriate term from the point of view of ‘good’ geography?

 The updated view of the north-south divide. Blue includes G8 nations, developed/ first world nations, and Europe.

Read the following passage: Views of Poverty There’s poverty and there’s poverty. The West’s stereotyped talk of ‘poverty’ fails to distinguish between frugality and scarcity. Frugality (implying carefulness) is a mark of cultures free from the frenzy of accumulation. To our eyes, people have rather meagre possessions, with money playing only a marginal role. Yet everyone usually has access to fields, rivers and woods, while kinship and community duties guarantee services which elsewhere must be paid for in cash. Along with community ties, land, forest and water are the most important prerequisites for subsistence without money. Nobody goes hungry. Here is a way of life which recognizes and cultivates a state of sufficiency. Scarcity derives from modernised poverty. It affects most urban groups caught up in the money economy as workers and consumers whose spending power is so low that they fall by the wayside. Their capacity to achieve through their own efforts gradually fades, while at the same time their desires, fuelled by glimpses of high society, spiral towards infinity. From W Sachs Development: a guide to the ruins. New Internationalist June 1992 p9 Why might it be misleading to apply Western notions of poverty to Third World countries?