ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES -ENGLISH UNIT- THE US AND THE THIRD WORLD FOR ENG 205 COURSE WEEK 2-UNIT 2

“The city is not a concrete jungle. It’s a human zoo.” by Desmond Morris, a biologist

According to a recent research conducted by Red Cross, 1,5 billion people are suffering from obesity, while 925 million people from famine. The lesson to be learned is that: if you eat other’s food, as well as yours, they will die, and so will you! (Why not live a longer life???)

“There’s a special place in hell for women who don’t help other women!” by Madelyn Albright “There’s a special place in hell for men who abuse women.” by Eric Gondwe Underdog Top Dog

Warm Up- Questions Can you define First World, Second World and Third World countries? Give some examples. First World countries... are developed, capitalist, and industrial countries are aligned with the U.S. after World War II share more or less common political and economic interests North America, Western Europe, Japan and Australia.

Warm Up- Questions Can you define First World, Second World and Third World countries? Give some examples. Second World countries are... the former communist-socialist, industrial states formerly the Eastern bloc, the territory and sphere of influence of the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic Russia, Eastern Europe (e.g., Poland) and some of the Turk States (e.g., Kazakhstan) as well as China.

Warm Up- Questions Can you define First World, Second World and Third World countries? Give some examples. Third World countries are... all the other countries the developing countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America as well capitalist (e.g., Venezuela) and communist (e.g., North Korea) countries, as very rich (e.g., Saudi Arabia) and very poor (e.g., Mali) countries.

Warm Up- Questions What are the characteristics of Third World countries? They suffer from... high infant mortality, low economic development, high levels of poverty, low utilization of natural resources, and heavy dependence on industrialized nations.

What about the position of women in developed and developing countries? What about democracy, freedom of speech, etc? Are they developed and developing countries? How do developed and Third World countries influence each other? What can be the advantages and disadvantages of setting up relationships only with neighbouring countries?

Vocabulary cooperation(n.): when you work with someone to achieve something that you both want  Synonyms: aid, alliance, assistanceaidallianceassistance Without the cooperation of developed countries, the problem of terrorism is likely to go on and claim more lives. instability(n.): when a situation is not certain because there is the possibility of sudden change  Antonym: balance Because of economic and political instability, there has been chaos in the Middle East in the last two decades.

Vocabulary diminish(v.): to become or make something become smaller or less  Synonym: reduce While the number of people in the world is increasing, the number of natural resources is diminishing. poverty(n.): the situation or experience of being poor  Synonyms: impoverished, poor It must be a goal for every government to end poverty in its country, yet it has been just a dream for almost a century.

Vocabulary proportion (n.): the relationship between two things in size, amount, importance etc.  Synonyms: portion, capacity What's the proportion of boys to girls in your class? undertake(v.): to accept that you are responsible for a piece of work, and start to do it Dr Johnson undertook the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary.

Vocabulary foreign aid: a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another If the Greek government cannot get any foreign aid, they will face very stressful days. revive(v.): to become healthy and strong again  Synonym: recover The economy is beginning to revive. My plants revived as soon as I gave them some water.

Vocabulary circumstance(n.): the conditions that affect a situation, action, event  Synonyms: situation, condition The Soviet Union had been forced by circumstances to sign a pact with Nazi Germany. stem(v.): to develop as a result of something else  Synonyms: arise, appear, emerge His headaches stemmed from vision problems. His success at school stems from his hard work and ambition.

Comprehension Check A. Vocabulary 1. “revive” “diminish” “aftermath” B. Reference 1. these problems these realities this mood..... become stronger decrease an unpleasant result the problems of poverty and hunger the principles of human dignity and freedom the public mood that does not support foreign aid or economic cooperation

C. True-False _____ 1- Developing nations are a growing competitor in trade against the US. _____ 2- The United States buys end-products, rather than raw materials from these developing countries. _____ 3- Soviet influence on the developing countries is increasing, and that of America’s is diminishing. _____ 4- Diminishing resources and the probable results of this situation are important reasons for establishing relationships with developing nations. _____ 5- The US wastes money by means of foreign aid. T F F T F

Comprehension Check D. Comprehension questions 1. Why are Third World countries important to the USA? Because of economic, political, moral, and national security reasons. 2. What is the primary factor that reduces Soviet influence upon developing countries? Increased emphasis by the US and other Western developed countries on economic well-being in the developing countries results in reducing potential opportunities for Soviet influence. (Sts will paraphrase this answer!)

D. Comprehension questions 3. Why do American people oppose the idea of foreign aid? Because they think that the government just wastes money by helping other countries and they also feel that the demands of developing countries reflect ingratitude.