Working with International Data Data sources and resources from the World Bank

Open Data and its consequences Open Development

New site: 13,500 unique visitors/day In April 2010 the World Bank made all of its development databases freely accessible on the web … and that changed everything …

New website in English, French, Spanish, Arabic, with 1,200 WDI/GDF indicators freely available Data Catalog to provide access to all World Bank datasets Best practice Terms of Use that allows commercial use and re-use Multiple access options with full downloads, Application Programming Interface (API) for developers, etc Open Data

data.worldbank.org Open Data By Country » View profiles for over 200 economies By Topic » See key indicators for a variety of topics Indicators » View data for 1,200 indicators in four languages World dataBank » “Slice and dice” the data Data Catalog » Lists open data sources of the World Bank

Chart an indicator Open Data

Map an indicator Open Data

Multilingual

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Different Views of the Data Data by indicator Data by country Data by topic

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The Data Catalog

Data Catalog – selected contents

databank.worldbank.org: custom queries Open Data

Terms and conditions of access Conforms to Open Knowledge Foundation definition for open data: No restrictions on use or reuse of data, except attribution to source License models Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-BY) Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY)

Data Exposed to Web Searches

Continuing demand for data

Data sources and coverage A Look at the World Development Indicators

Distribution of WDI Indicators by topic WDI 2010Number of indicators Economy314 Environment109 Global Development Finance175 Global Links171 Social and demographic314 States and Markets130 Cross-domain72 Total1285

Sources of WDI Data

WDI and GDF Data Availability 237 countries 1158 series 50 years Average coverage 4,453,206 available observations 13,722,300 possible cells => % coverage

Major Data Gaps States of former Soviet Union prior to 1988 States of the former Yugoslav Republic prior to 1990 Limited reporting by many small states and dependencies Data derived from irregular or infrequent sources Poverty and income distribution Malnutrition CO2 emissions Forest coverage

Improving Data Coverage -----WDI 2009 WDI 1999 Y axis shows average number of years with data (averages for all developing countries, 5 is maximum) X axis shows lag (in years) from the beginning of five-year intervals for which WDI has published these data; the most recent five-year interval starts with 2003 for WDI2009 and 1993 for WDI1999

Improving Coverage of MDG Indicators Source: Paris21 at Ten: Improvements in Statistical Capacity Since 1999

Improving Statistical Capacity Building the Database -- I

Assessing Statistical Capacity

Statistical Capacity: Methodology Indicators1 1. National accounts base yearWithin last 10 years or annual chain linking 2. Balance of payments manual in useBalance of Payments Manual, the fifth edition 3. External debt reporting statusActual or preliminary 4. Consumer Price Index base yearWithin last 10 years or annual chain linking 5. Industrial production indexProduced and available from IMF 6. Import/export pricesProduced and available from IMF 7. Government finance accounting conceptConsolidated central government accounts 8. Enrolment reporting to UNESCOAnnual or missed reporting only once in the last 4 years 9. Vaccine reporting to WHONationally reported data on measles vaccine coverage consistent with WHO estimates 10. IMF’s Special Data Dissemination Standard Subscribed Maximum total score is 100

Statistical Capacity: Source Data Indicators11/2 1. Periodicity of population census ≤10 years 2. Periodicity of agricultural census ≤10 years 3. Periodicity of poverty related surveys (IES, LSMS, etc.) ≤ 3 years≤ 5 years 4. Periodicity of health related surveys (DHS, MICS, Priority survey, etc) ≤ 3 years≤ 5 years 5. Completeness of vital registration system Complete Maximum total score is 100

Statistical Capacity: Periodicity Indicators12/31/21/3 1. Periodicity of income poverty indicator ≤ 3 years≤ 5 years> 5 years 2. Periodicity of child malnutrition indicator ≤ 3 years≤ 5 years> 5 years 3. Periodicity of child mortality indicator National or international estimates available 4. Periodicity of Immunization indicator Annual 5. HIV/AIDS indicatorNational or international estimates available for at least one year out of the last 3 years 6. Periodicity of maternal health indicator ≤ 3 years≤ 5 years> 5 years 7. Periodicity of gender equality in education indicator Observed for at least 5 out of 5 latest years Observed for at least 3 out of 5 latest years Observed for 1 out of 5 latest years 8. Primary completion indicator Observed for at least 5 out of 5 latest years Observed for at least 3 out of 5 latest years Observed for 1 out of 5 latest years 9. Access to water indicatorObserved for 2 out of 6 latest years Observed for 1 out of 6 latest years 10. Periodicity of GDP growth indicator Annual≤ 1.5 years> 1.5 years Maximum total score is 100

World Bank Support for Statistical Capacity Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Multi-donor trust fund to support creation of national strategies for development of statistics (NSDSs) $35 million in grants since 2000 Statistics for Results Facility Multi-donor trust fund to support implementation of NSDSs $120 million pledged; $50 million committed STATCAP World Bank investment lending program for improving statistical capacity 13 STATCAP projects planned or underway – largest is India ($107 million

Accelerated Data Program

Virtual Statistical System

Standardizing Data Building the Database -- II

For some countries, many estimates

Trend line by weighted, splined regressions

Combining estimates reduces uncertainty

But results may differ from national estimates

The International Comparison Program Building the Database -- III

ICP Data in the Data Catalog

International Comparison Program (ICP) ICP is a worldwide statistical initiative to collect comparative price data and estimate purchasing power parities (PPPs) of the world’s economies. Using PPPs instead of market exchange rates makes it possible to compare the output of economies and the welfare of their inhabitants in real terms. 41

PPP between two countries, A and B, is a price ratio that measures the number of units of country A’s currency that are needed in country A to purchase the same quantity of an individual good or service as one unit of country B’s currency will purchase in country B. National annual prices for products chosen from a common basket of well-defined goods & services. A breakdown of final expenditure on National GDP into 155 categories using a common classification. What are Purchasing Power Parities ? 42 Definition Basic Data Required

PPP = PPP = Calculating PPPs: an Example 43 Price of Hotel Room in China Price of Hotel Room in China Y 1800 Exchange Rate Yuan to USD Y 1= $ 0.15 Price of Same Hotel Room in the US Price of Same Hotel Room in the US $ 270=$ 450 Y

Comparing Income Levels 44

Shares of global output 45

International poverty headcount index (World Bank) Comparing relative sizes of economies and estimating weighted averages of regional growth rates (IMF) Allocation of structural and cohesion funds (European Commission) Human Development Index (UNDP) Gender empowerment measures (UNDP) Health inequality assessment (World Health Organization) Assessing per capita expenditures in education (U.N. Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Monitoring the welfare of children (U.N. Children’s Fund) Designing effective aid programs (International Organizations) Analysis of an economy’s comparative advantage on prices and expenditures of goods or services (Policy Makers) Evaluation of investment costs and industry growth potential across countries. PPP adjusted cost of living allowances (Multinational Corporations, Non-Government Organizations, International Development Agencies) Uses of PPPs 46

Tools and Applications Open Knowledge

Open Data Access World Bank datasets free of charge NADAAccess survey microdata and documentation iSimulateCollaborate on economic forecasting ADePTAutomate economic analysis of survey data PovcalNetEstimate poverty and inequality PovMapSoftware for poverty mapping AidFlowsEasy access to global data on aid funding WITSAccess international trade and tariff data Mapping for Results Map projects, compare with development data Open Tools

First global competition to create innovative software applications for development Must use some World Bank data, and address one of the MDGs Aim is to bring together software developers and development practitioners Closes 10 January 2011 Apps for Development Competition Open Data

“Imagine this: A health care worker or parent in a village, with a laptop or mobile device, can access development knowledge in real time through geo- coding and mapping. She can see which schools have feeding programs and which go without, and what is happening to local health…. She can dig deeply and compare her village with others. She can upload her own data, throw light on the likely effect of new interventions, and mobilize the community to demand better or more targeted health programs.” A vision for the future Robert B. Zoellick, 2010, Washington DC

Thank you data.worldbank.org