Citizenship and Equal Justice Chapter 14

Great Seal

All Seeing Eye

God has favored our undertaking

A new order has begun

Out of many, one

Great Wall of Mexico

I. Nation of Immigrants Everyone except Native Americans immigrated into the U.S. at sometime 2000 – Mexican Americans around 9% of the U.S. population 2006 – 20% of the people were not born in the United States California – Largest number of immigrants of any state

This is My Country

Ellis Island

A. Immigrants and Aliens Immigrants – People who move into a country intending to live there permanently Aliens – Person living in a country where they are not citizens

B. Types of Aliens 1) Resident Alien – Person from a foreign nation that resides permanently in the U.S. –Immigrants are these until they become citizens 2) Nonresident Alien – Person from a foreign country who expects to stay in U.S. for a short time –Tourist, reporters

3) Enemy Alien – Citizen of a nation the U.S. is at war with –POWs 4) Refugees – Person fleeing to escape persecution and danger 5) Illegal Aliens – Person who enters the U.S. without a legal permit –Around 11 million illegal immigrants in U.S. today

C. Alien’s Rights Given rights outlined in the Bill of Rights Allowed to attend public schools for free Required to pay some taxes and follow the law Cannot vote, are exempt from military service, and serving on juries

D. Immigration Policies 1882 – Congress regulated immigration for the first time Chinese Exclusion Act – Restricted the immigration of Chinese immigrants Mainly based on racists beliefs

E. Benefits of Immigration Most immigrants take jobs that the majority of Americans refuse to do Allows Americans to purse higher education and have higher paying jobs Important agricultural labors in the Southwest According to an article in the Omaha World Herald – November 2008 – Nebraska would lose 33 million dollars per month if no one immigrated into our state