LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Source: National Geographic: Available Online. Retrieved at: http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0603/feature2/images/mp_download.2.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD MIGRATION Migration: The act of moving from one place to another with the intent to live in another place permanently or for a longer period of time. Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

Forced vs. Voluntary Migration LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Forced vs. Voluntary Migration Forced migration: When people have no choice and are forced to move. Forced migration is also called “involuntary migration.” Voluntary migration: When people choose to move. People choose to migrate if they think the benefits (advantages) of moving will be greater than the costs (disadvantages). Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

Immigration vs. Emigration LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Immigration vs. Emigration Immigration: Migration to a place in order to settle there Emigration: Migration from a place to settle in another place Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Push vs. Pull Factors Push factors: Negative reasons for wanting to leave a place (emigrate). Examples of push factors are a lack of food or water, natural disasters, a lack of jobs, and wars. Pull factors: Positive reasons for wanting to move to a place (immigrate). Examples of pull factors are more food and water, a better climate, higher wages, and freedom. Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political Environmental Examples: Floods, water supply, climate, food supply for animals Political Examples: Political freedom, laws, wars Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic Cultural Examples: Desire for religious freedom or chance for a better education Economic Examples: To overcome shortages of food, housing, or space; to find better employment or higher wages Source: “What is Human Migration?” 2005. National Geographic Society. Available online at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/09/g68/migrationguidestudent.pdf FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY