Standard XII- Animal Adaptations

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Standard XII- Animal Adaptations Biology AHSGE Standard XII- Animal Adaptations

Standard XII- Animal Adaptations CONTENT STANDARD 12. Describe protective adaptations of animals, including mimicry, camouflage, beak type, migration, and hibernation. ELIGIBLE CONTENT A. Recognize and apply the definition of mimicry. (The resemblance of one organism to another or to an object in its surroundings for concealment and protection from predators.) B. Recognize and apply the definition of camouflage. (The method or result of concealing by disguise or protective coloration such that the organism appears to be part of the natural surroundings.) C. Distinguish between different beak types, and identify what each type is used for. D. Recognize and apply the definition of migration. (The process of changing location periodically, especially by moving seasonally from one region to another.) E. Recognize and apply the definition of hibernation. (The process of passing winter in an inactive or dormant state.)

Evolution Changes in an organism over time known to occur due to fossils Adaptation- Evolution of a structural, internal or behavioral feature to better suit the organism for survival Results from a change in the environment Theory of Natural Selection Survival of the fittest Causes a change in the gene pool Unfit genes die out or are bred out

Structural Adaptations Mimicry- Copying of the appearance of other organisms for protection or other advantages Protective resemblance- Normally resembles plant structures Camouflage- Body color blends in with surroundings Spots and stripes break up body pattern Warning Coloration- Bright coloration to warn of danger Mechanical Defenses- Physical covering that allows for defending from predators or to aid in predation Ex: Claws, sharp teeth, quills, shells, etc.

Structural Adaptations Mimicry/Warning Coloration Protective Resemblance Camouflage

Adaptations Charles Darwin Father of evolution Developed theory of natural selection Traveled on the H.M.S. Beagle to the Galapogos Islands Studied finches and beak size and shape Beaks of birds are adaptations for food type

Bird Beak Adaptations

Bird Feet Adaptations

Bird Wing Adaptations Penguin wing adapted for swimming

Behavioral Adaptations Migration- Movement of an animal from one place to another Common in birds and grazing mammals Brought on by climate change Hibernation- Period of dormancy during certain time-periods Common in reptiles and mammals of cold climates

Behavioral Adaptations

Behavioral Adaptations

Internal Adaptations Chemical defenses Development of mucus glands- secrete mucus for protection Toxin/Venom development