اجعل لسانك رطباً بذكر الله اساسيات مهارة الإتصال ( التواصل ): Basic Communication Skills Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy.

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Presentation transcript:

اجعل لسانك رطباً بذكر الله

اساسيات مهارة الإتصال ( التواصل ): Basic Communication Skills Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy

Basic Communication Skills أساسيات مهارة التواصل ( الاتصال )

المحتوى  الأهداف Objectives  البداية : التمثيل  التعريف : Definition  المكونات : Components  انواعه : Types  الكلمات المستخدمة في الاتصال : Words used in Communication  الخاتمة : Summary

الأهداف  تعريف الطالب على أساسيات الإتصال في الوسط الطبي  تجهيز الطالب لفهم بعض الأصطلاحات المستعملة في المقابلة الطبية  تهيئة الطالب لفهم الإستشارة الطبية

 أهمية المقابلة الطبية  أهمية مهارة الإتصال  نهج الإستشارة الطبية  السلوك المرضى / التفاعل مع المرض تمـهـيـد

قال جابر رضى الله عنه : ما رأيت الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم مرة إلا تبسم في وجهي

المرسل Sender المستقبل Receiver الرسالة Message

يـفـكـر يتـكلـم يؤثر يتصل/ يتحادث

التغذية الراجعة

الأداء المطلوب

يـفـكـر يتـكلـم التأثير يتصل/ يتحادث الأداء المطلوب التغذية الراجعة

COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION Sender –Encoder Thought, or an idea to be sent to the receiver in true meanings Sender –Encoder Thought, or an idea to be sent to the receiver in true meanings Message Medium Verbal, Non-verbal Message Medium Verbal, Non-verbal Receiver - Decoder Thought or the idea of sender received in right perception Receiver - Decoder Thought or the idea of sender received in right perception FEEDBACK Verbal, Non-verbal FEEDBACK Verbal, Non-verbal CONTEXT Stimuli NOISE C o m p o n e n t s o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n

COMMUNICATION DEFINITION

التعريف  عملية أخذ و عطاء للمعاني بين الشخصين برموز مفهومة فرجينيا ساتر  أو : اقامة علاقة مع الشخص الآخر لإعطاء و أخذ الرسالة  مكوناته :

COMMUNICATION “ THE EXCHANGE OF MESSAGES BETWEEN PEOPLE FOR THE PURPOSE OF ACHIEVING COMMON MEANINGS. IT IS THE TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMATION FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER VIA MEANINGFUL SYMBOLS ”. DEFINITION

1.VERBAL COMMUNICATION الإتصال بالكلمات 2.NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION الإتصال بدون الكلمات TYPES OF COMMUNICATION C o m p o n e n t s o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n مكونات الإتصال

 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS تعابير الوجه  GESTURES الإشارة  POSTURES وضع البدن  BODY MOVEMENTS حركة البدن  SMILE AND TOUCH التبسم و اللمس  VOICE AND SOUNDS الصوت  VOLUME الحجم  PITCH/TONE النبرة  SILENCE الصمت TYPES OF COMMUNICATION NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION C o m p o n e n t s o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n

MESSAGE REMEMBER……………… NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION CAN OVER RIDE VERBAL COMMUNICATION C o m p o n e n t s o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n

1.ACTIVE COMMUNICATION الاتصال الفعال 2.PASSIVE COMMUNICATION الاتصال غير الفعال TYPES OF COMMUNICATION C o m p o n e n t s o f C o m m u n i c a t i o n مكونات الإتصال

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  المرسل : Sender  المستقبل : Receiver  الرسالة : Message  التغذية الراجعة ( الإسترجاعية ) Feedback:  الإتصال بالكلمات الشفهية أو اللفظية Verbal Communication  الإتصال بدون كلمات أو بلغة غير شفهية أو لفظية Non- Verbal Communication  لغة الجسد ( البدن ) Body Language  جدول الأعمال Agenda  السبب المخفي ( أجندة غامضة ): Hidden Agenda  الإستشارة الطبية Medical Consultation

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  السلوك المرضي / التفاعل مع المرض Illness Behavior  يركز على الإتصال بأولويات المريض Patient- centered  Communication  يركز على الإتصال بأولويات الطبيب Doctor- centered  Communication  السؤال المباشر أو المحدد Close-ended Question  السؤال المفتوح غير المحدد Open-ended Question  الملامسة Touch  المعتقدات الصحية الخاطئة Wrong Health Believes  نهج ( موديل ) Model  اتضاح الرؤية ( الضوء اللامع )The flash

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  شخصية المريض : (Personality)  الشخصية الإعتمادية :Dependent Personality  الشخصية العدوانية : Aggressive Personality  الشخصية السلبية :Passive Personality  التمارض Adapting Sick Role:  الإنكار : Denial  المطاوعة ( الإلتزام ) : Compliance  لا يتبع ارشادات الطبيب و يتساهل في مواعيد زيارة الطبيب : Non- compliance :

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  حل المشكلة : Problem Solving  العلاج غير الدوائي : Non-Pharmacological Treatment  كثرة عدد الأدوية : Poly-pharmacy  تحليل الشكوى : Problem Analysis  العناية المشاركة : Shared Care  تنفيس الأحاسيس ( الفضفضة ): Ventilation

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  الإحالة :Referral  النهج العضوي النفسي الإجتماعي : Bio- Psychosocial Approach  النظر الى عيني المريض : Eye Contact  النصح : Advice  الإرشاد  الإرشاد النفسي : Counseling  مهارة الشرح : Explanation Skills

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  مهارة أخذ التاريح المرضي History taking Skills  الفحص السريري و المخبري و العلاج Clinical Examination, Lab Investigation & Treatment  تبليغ المريض بالأخبار شديدة السوء ( أو بالخبر السيئ ) Breaking Bad News  التثقيف الصحي : Health Education

المصطلحات أو الكلمات  التبسم Smiling  السؤال المباشر أو المحدد Close-ended Question  السؤال المفتوح أو غير المحدد Open-ended Question  الإستماع و الإنصات Hearing & Listening  اعادة الصياغة Paraphrasing  التلخيص Summarizing

Summary

Communication Sender Message Receiver Feedback

Take Home Message To Be a Good Doctor, we Have to Be a GOOD COMUNICATOR

Basic Communication Skills Presented by

Field of Consciousness ESTABLISHING RAPPORT

How do you go about Establishing Rapport? You need Self-Confidence You must Understand People You must be Enthusiastic You must make Eye Contact You must be Interested in them

Hearing Seeing Smell Touch Taste Communication is a Series of Experiences of

Communication - Meaning Communication is a dynamic process… through this process we convey a thought or feeling to someone else. how it is received depends on a set of events, stimuli, that person is exposed to. how you say what you say plays an important role in communication.

TOTAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS

LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION VERBAL Intra verbal: intonation of word and sound Extra verbal verbal: implication of words and phrases, semantics NON-VERBAL Gestures Postures Movements SYMBOLIC

Barriers in Communication ( that have to do with the COMMUNICATOR ) Unwillingness to say things differently Unwillingness to relate to others differently Unwillingness to learn new approaches Lack of Self-Confidence Lack of Enthusiasm Voice quality Prejudice

Barriers in Communication (that have to do with the COMMUNICATOR) Disagreement between verbal and non- verbal messages Negative Self Image Lack of Feedback Lack of Motivation and Training Language and Vocabulary Level Lack of Self Awareness

Barriers in Communication (that have to do with the RECEIVER) Selective Perception Unwillingness to Change Lack of Interest in the Topic/Subject Prejudice & Belief System Rebuttal Instincts Personal Value System Here-and-Now internal & external factors

External Barriers in Communication Environment The venue The effect of noise Temperature in the room Other People – Status, Education Time

5 Basic reasons we Do Not Listen Listening is Hard Work Competition The Rush for Action Speed differences (120 wpm v/s 360 wpm) Lack of Training

4 Levels of Listening The Non-Listener The Marginal Listener The Evaluative Listener The Active Listener

Improving Listening Skills By not being Preoccupied Being Open Minded & Non Defensive Minimizing Interruptions Effective Listening is: Hearing, interpreting when necessary, understanding the message and relating to it. By Asking Questions

COMMUNICATION 7% WORDS Words are only labels and the listeners put their own interpretation on speakers words 38% PARALINGUISTIC The way in which something is said - the accent, tone and voice modulation is important to the listener. 55% BODY LANGUAGE What a speaker looks like while delivering a message affects the listener’s understanding most.

TYPES OF BODY LANGUAGE Remember that you are dealing with “PEOPLE” (P)OSTURES & GESTURES How do you use hand gestures? Stance? (E)YE CONTACT How’s your “Lighthouse”? (O)RIENTATION How do you position yourself? (P)RESENTATION How do you deliver your message? (L)OOKS Are your looks, appearance, dress important? (E)PRESSIONS OF EMOTION Are you using facial expressions to express emotion?

Contact Shabbar Suterwala's Leaders Workshop B/303, Mandsaur CHS, Kokani Pada, Kurar Village, Malad (East), Mumbai Ph: Mb: Join our eGroup at:

END OF SESSION Q & A