Chapter 3 3.1 Physical Evidence. OBJECTIVES (don’t write) Review the common types of physical evidence encountered at crime scenes, Explain the difference.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Evidence Chapters 3 & 8.

Advertisements

Chapter 3 – Physical Evidence

Physical Evidence The examination of physical evidence by a forensic scientist is generally undertaken for the purposes of identification or comparison.

Physical Evidence Chapter 3: Physical Evidence

3 - PRENTICE HALL ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ CRIMINALISTICS An Introduction to Forensic Science, 9/E By Richard Saferstein.

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence.

Chapter 3: Physical Evidence. Introduction It would be impossible to list all the objects that could conceivably be of importance to a crime. Almost anything.

Types of Evidence bsapp.com. Documents Hand written Hand written Type or Printed Type or Printed Authenticity? Authenticity? bsapp.com.

Physical Evidence bsapp.com.

3-1 ©2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE: An Introduction, 2 nd ed. By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

3-1 ©2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE: An Introduction, 2 nd ed. By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence.

Today, 9/18 1 – Short lecture (take out notes) 2 – Start project.

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence. Any & all objects that:  establish a crime  link a crime to its victim  link a crime to its perpetrator Must be recognized.

3-1 PRENTICE HALL ©2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE An Introduction By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Chapter.

3-1 PRENTICE HALL ©2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE An Introduction By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Chapter.

 Page 21  1. What is physical evidence?  2. How is physical evidence different from testimonial evidence?

Physical Evidence Chapter 3. Types of Physical Evidence Blood, semen, saliva Document Drugs Explosives Fibers Fingerprints Firearms and ammunitions Glass.

3 - PRENTICE HALL ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ CRIMINALISTICS An Introduction to Forensic Science, 9/E By Richard Saferstein.

Physical Evidence Forensic Fuel Chapter 3. Lecture Highlights  Negative Controls  Comparison and Identification  Class vs. Individual Characteristics.

3-1 PRENTICE HALL ©2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE An Introduction By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Chapter.

3-1 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Chapter Physical Evidence It would be impossible to list all the objects that could conceivably be of importance to a crime.

Physical Evidence. Common Types of Physical Evidence 1. Blood, Semen, and Saliva 2. Documents 3. Drugs 4. Explosives 5. Fibers 6. Fingerprints 7. Firearms.

Test review Game. What is the name of the database the keeps track of fingerprints?

So you have a crime scene… Goal: Attain physical evidence Goal: Attain physical evidence Secure the area Secure the area Record scene Record scene Rough.

Warmup: Read the case study about the murder of Laci Peterson on page 82. Then answer these questions: 1.True or False: Laci Peterson was pregnant at the.

Do now: What types of things should be in a crime scene sketch?

Ku San! (greetings in Girawa) Do Now: – Take out HW Agenda: – Identification and Comparison – Wayne Williams Case HW – p103 #11-14 and p104 #1-3.

O’Connor/Chapter 3. Common types of physical evidence  Blood, semen, & saliva  Documents  Drugs  Explosives  Fibers  Fingerprints  Firearms & ammunition.

3-1 ©2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE: An Introduction, 2 nd ed. By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Forensic Science Chapter 3: Physical Evidence Common Types ExaminationDatabases Crime-Scene reconstruction

NOVEMBER 7, 2012 WARM-UP: STANDARD-SFS1b. Distinguish and categorize physical and trace evidence. EQ: How is physical evidence analyzed? Sit quietly, and.

Civil vs. Criminal Law CIVIL LAWCRIMINAL LAW  filed by a private party. o a corporation o an individual person  Penalty: a guilty defendant pays the.

Physical Evidence. Examples shown are possible evidence that may be found and collected at the crime scene, but are NOT all inclusive.

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence. Common Types of Physical Evidence Blood, semen & saliva Blood, semen & saliva Documents Documents Drugs Drugs Explosives.

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence. It would be impossible to list all the objects that could conceivably be of importance to a crime. Almost anything can be.

Physical Evidence Chapter 3. Physical Evidence It would be impossible to list all the objects that could conceivably be of importance to a crime. Almost.

3-1 ©2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ FORENSIC SCIENCE: An Introduction, 2 nd ed. By Richard Saferstein PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

1 Forensic Science Chapter 3: Physical evidence. 2 Biologicals Blood, semen, and saliva.  Liquid or dried  Human or animal  on fabrics  Cigarette.

3 Physical Evidence.

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

3 Physical Evidence.

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

sturgeon and striped bass

Chapter 3 Evidence.

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Types of Evidence bsapp.com.

Types of Evidence bsapp.com.

Created by C. Ippolito July 2007

(Discussion – Evidence: Testimonial vs. Physical)

Physical Evidence Chapter 3.

Physical Evidence Chapter 3

Physical Evidence.

Examination of Physical Evidence

Chapter 3 Physical Evidence.

Physical Evidence Chapter 3

Evidence "Anything which is legally submitted to a competent tribunal as a means of ascertaining the truth of any alleged matter of fact under investigation.

Types of Evidence bsapp.com.

Physical Evidence Common types of Physical evidence Identification of comparison of Physical evidence Individual and class characteristics Class evidence.

CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Physical Evidence.

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE. Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

Created by C. Ippolito July 2007

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

Chapter 3 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE.

Physical Evidence.

3-3 The Examination of Physical Evidence

Presentation transcript:

Chapter Physical Evidence

OBJECTIVES (don’t write) Review the common types of physical evidence encountered at crime scenes, Explain the difference between the identification and comparison of physical evidence. Define and contrast individual and class characteristics of physical evidence. Give examples of physical evidence possessing these characteristics Discuss the value of class evidence as it relates to a criminal investigation.

Common Types of Physical Evidence 1. Blood, semen, saliva 2. Documents 3. Drugs 4. Explosives 5. Fingerprints 6. Firearms and ammunition 7. Glass 8. Hair 9. Impressions 10. Organs and physiological fluids 11. Paint 12. Petroleum products 13. plastic bags 14. Plastic, rubber and other polymers 15. Powder residues 16. Serial numbers 17. Soil and minerals 18. Tool marks 19. Vehicle lights 20. Wood and other vegetative matter

Significance of Physical Evidence Identification purpose determination of the physical or chemical identity of a substance with as near absolute certainty as existing analytical techniques will permit Process includes: a. adoption of testing procedures that give characteristic results for specific standard materials b. identification requires that the number and type of test needed to ID a substance is sufficient to exclude all other substances

Identification Used to determine chemical composition of drugs Identify gasoline residues in fire debris Identify blood, semen, hair, and wood to determine species of origin – i.e. human or animal

Significance of Physical Evidence Comparison purpose determination of whether or not there is a common origin suspect specimen and standard/reference specimen share same tests and examinations – i.e Hair samples, paint chips

Probability Odds at which a certain event will occur Blood types – type O blood is 0.5 – type A blood is 0.34 – B blood is identical Fingerprints = 1 x 10 60

Individual characteristics associated with common source matching ridge characteristics of two fingerprints comparison of random striation markings on bullets or tool marks comparison of irregular and random wear patterns in tire or footwear impression comparison of handwriting characteristics fitting together of the irregular edges of broken objects matching sequentially make plastic bags by striation marks running across the bags

Class Characteristics evidence that can be associated with a group and never a single source – Blood typing – Paint layers Product rules = formula for determining how frequently certain combination of characteristics occurs in a population

In-Class Assignment/Homework 3.1 Review Questions