April 2, 2014 1. DO NOT TOUCH Bob the skeleton OR Junior the Organ model. 2. What is the function of the Digestive System? 3. Can you name all the organs.

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April 2, DO NOT TOUCH Bob the skeleton OR Junior the Organ model. 2. What is the function of the Digestive System? 3. Can you name all the organs in the digestive system?

The Digestive System Hey- chew on this! We’ve made it to the..

Functions Ingest food Break down food Move through digestive tract Absorb digested food and water Eliminates waste materials

There are 3 Macronutrients Carbohydrates (Carbs) Proteins (ex: meat) Lipids (fats)

Carbohydrate

Protein

Fat (aka: Lipids)

Gastrointestinal System Function-physical and chemical breakdown of food Accessory organs: Salivary glands, tongue, teeth, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

Mouth Mouth- physical and chemical breakdown. Physical Digestion: chewing Chemcial Digestion: Saliva contains enzyme amylase to break down carbohydrates

Mouth Breaks down food into small pieces Begins starch digestion (amylase) Saliva produces amylase and lubricates food Moves food into esophagus Epiglottis covers trachea Peristalsis moves food to stomach

Pharynx- contains opening to trachea as well. Epiglottis covers opening of trachea. Esophagus- the tube you swallow food with. Uses peristalsis – wave-like motion to push food down.

Peristalsis The wave-like squeezing action of muscles that is used to move food along

Esophagus- transverse view

Sphincter-a circular muscle sqeezes shut Food sits in stomach for 1-4 hours. Gastric (stomach) juices contain hydrochloric acid- activates pepsin, kills bacteria.

Small intestine: not so small! 20ft x 1’’

Small intestine has lots of enzymes called peptidases Digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream.

Large intestine- 5 ft x 2’’. Final absorption of water, storage of indigestible material, absorption of vitamins B and K by bacteria. Colon connects to rectum- anal canal opens to the anus (final opening). This is where your poop sits before… you “sit” ;).

But Wait! What about the accessory organs: Liver, gall bladder and pancreas Liver- largest gland in your body Secretes bile- digests fat. Detoxifies blood

Gall bladder- stores and concentrates bile (which digests fats) Pancreas- produces insulin. –Insulin regulates the uptake of glucose by the cells

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