Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Nutrients that give you energy

Foods Supply Energy

Food Supply Nutrients  Nutrients: substances that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissue, and obtain energy  Nutrition: is the process by which the body takes in and uses nutrients

Fuel For Your Body  When your body uses the nutrients in foods, a series of chemical reactions occurs inside your cells…. What is this process called?  Metabolism: is the chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy

What are Calories  Calories: amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down (unit of measurement for food)

 For good health, the number of calories in the food that you eat should match the caloric needs of your body  Choose nutrient dense foods over foods empty calorie foods

What happens to unused calories?  They are stored in the body in fat cells

Carbohydrates  Carbohydrates: supply energy for your body’s functions

2 types of Carbs  Simple Carbohydrates: (AKA sugar)  Found in fruits, vegetables, & milk  Glucose is the most important sugars, it provides energy for your body’s cells  Complex Carbohydrates:  provide a long lasting source of energy.  Found in bread, pasta, rice, potatoes

Different names for sugar…..  Glucose: The main source of energy for the body  Fructose: A simple sugar found in fruits  Lactose: The sugar found naturally in milk  Sucrose: Commonly referred to as table sugar  High Fructose Corn Syrup (synthetic): A mixture of glucose and fructose produced from corn.

The other Carb…  Fiber – (complex carbohydrate) an essential component of your diet since it helps keep nutrients moving properly through out the digestive tract.  Fiber has little nutritional value  Fiber is found in wheat, bran, cereals and fruits/vegetables

Good Carbs vs. Bad Carbs  Good Carbs  Whole grain bread  Brown Rice  Oatmeal  whole-grain cereals  Legumes  Veggies  fruits  "Good" carbs are not processed and contain a fair amount fiber  Bad Carbs  White bread  White rice  Soda  Snapple  sugary foods like cereal  Bad" carbs are refined or processed and contain little to no fiber

FATS  Fats: supply your body with energy, form your cells, maintain body temperature, and protect your nerves

2 Types of Fats  Unsaturated Fats: usually liquid at room temperature  EX. Vegetable oil, nuts, and seeds  Saturated Fats: usually solid at room temperature  EX. Animal fats & dairy products

Cholesterol & Trans Fat  Cholesterol: waxy, fatlike substance that is found only in animal products  Some cholesterol is good, it helps with cell membranes, nerve tissue, & aids in digestion  To much could cause plaque & lead to heart attack  Trans Fats: added hydrogen to fat molecules (vegetable oil)  Trans fat can be found in vegetable shortenings, some margarines, crackers, cookies, snack foods, and other foods made with or fried in partially hydrogenated oils.

Bad Fats…….  Saturated Fat  Butter  Ice cream  Cheese  Animal Fat  Trans Fat  Cookies  French Fries  Snack foods  Shortening  Doughnuts  Cake  Potato chips  Candy

Good Fat……  Unsaturated Fat  Almonds  Walnuts  Peanuts  Olive Oil  Fish

Proteins  Protein: is important for growth and repair of your body’s tissues  EX. Meats, eggs, poultry, milk, nuts, beans, and lentils

Amino Acids  Proteins in your body are made up of 20 different amino acids  Your body supplies 11 of the 20 amino acids. Your diet has to supply the rest (which is 9).  The 9 amino acids that the body cannot manufacture are called essential amino acids.