The Digestive System Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Liver Stomach Gall Bladder Pancreas Large Intestine Small Intestine

Digestive System Function: Break down food into molecules that can used by cells Enzymes, acids, hormones, bile aid in breakdown Sphincters (ring of muscle) separate sections Nutrients passed into the circulatory system to be distributed in the blood Click pic to play

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Oral cavity

Oral Cavity Mechanical digestion: Teeth grind food Chemical digestions: Saliva (amylase) begins to breakdown starches Bolus is created (ball of chewed & moistened food)

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Pharynx

Pharynx Epiglottis seals off the trachea Bolus pushed down the esophagus by the tongue

Esophagus

Esophagus Connects mouth with stomach Peristalsis: Muscular movement pushes food along Bolus pushed down the esophagus by muscles Click pic to play

Stomach

Stomach Function: Prepares food for absorption Chemical digestion Pepsin (enzyme) digests proteins Stomach acids mix Mechanical digestion Muscles contract to churn the bolus (~4 hours) Chyme created: paste-like mixture of food, enzymes, acids Peristalsis pushes chyme through sphincter Stomach Click pic to play

Small Intestine

Small Intestine Function: Absorption of nutrients Duodenum Chemical digestion: Enzymes from the liver, gallbladder, pancreas released to aid digestion Mechanical digestion: Muscular contractions mix & churn the chyme Peristalsis pushes the chyme along Nutrients absorbed into the capillaries of the s. intestine

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Liver Gall Bladder

Liver Functions: 1) Break down toxic chemicals (alcohol) 2) Produces bile to break down fats Gall Bladder: Stores bile until chyme moves into duodenum

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Pancreas

Pancreas Click pic to play Functions: 1) Release enzyme into duodenum to break down starches & lipids 2) Releases insulin into the blood (diabetes)

Large Intestine

Large Intestine AKA: Colon Peristalsis continues to push the chyme Remaining water is absorbed from the chyme Undigested material solidifies (feces) Nutrients from bacteria absorbed Feces exits the body through the rectum & anus

The liver is labeled which letter? K L

The pancreas is labeled which letter?

Which letter begins the process of chemical digestion? L (salivary glands) L

Most nutrients are absorbed at which organ? E (small intestine) L

Which organ produces bile to help digest fats? K (liver) L

Which organ absorbs water from chyme to solidify waste? F (large intestine) L

Which organ is the location where the gall bladder and pancreas release fluids to mix with the chyme? I (Duodenum) L

Label the letters of the diagram A = esophagus B = I don’t care C = stomach D = pancreas E = Small intestine F = Large intestine G = Rectum H = appendix I = duodenum J = gall bladder K = liver L = salivary glands L