Health, Safety, and First Aid

Safety Procedures  Accidents are most often caused by: Lack of knowledge or skill Environmental hazards Poor safety attitudes Unsafe behavior

Lack of Knowledge and Skills  Less than one year of experience  Not trained, don’t use  What you do not know can be dangerous Machinery Equipment Chemicals Hazardous Materials

Lack of Knowledge and Skills  Hazards on the road Teen drivers Lack of experience Driving record

Environmental Hazards  Possible dangers or unsafe conditions in the workplace From mechanical equipment to automated offices

Hazards in Dangerous Work  Know the dangers  Safety programs  Safer equipment  Training Construction Logging Mining Agriculture Meat processing

Environmental Hazards  Ergonomics – the science of examining motions and how to perform them properly  Repetitive stress – motion injuries  Carpal tunnel syndrome – can make your hands feel numb and tingly

Hazards in the Office  Safe design of office equipment  Air quality  Leaving boxes in walkways  Leaving file drawers open

Poor Safety Attitude  “Think safety”  Do tasks the safe way  Wear proper clothes  Use proper equipment  Follow procedures

Unsafe Behavior  Recklessness  Bad temper  Lack of consideration  Disobedience  Carelessness  Laziness  Fatigue  Impatience  Emotional state  Use of drugs and alcohol

Costs of Accidents  Your Financially and Personally ○ Time on the job ○ Wage loss ○ Job loss ○ Career loss ○ Disability

Costs of Accidents  Employer Time and money Production slows Investigate the accident Lawsuits or fines Workers’ Compensation

Cost of Accidents  Economy Wages, medical, and insurance administration Higher prices for goods and services passed to you the consumer

Safety Procedures to Help Prevent Accidents  Stay healthy  Use machines and tools properly  Wear protective clothing and use protective safety equipment  Follow safety precautions

Follow Safety Precautions  Ladders  Wash hands frequently  Lift properly  Prevent fires  Keep work areas neat

Prevent Fires  A fire needs oxygen, fuel, and heat to start  Four different types of fire extinguishers: Class A – wood, paper, cloth (water) Class B – liquids, gas, grease (smother) Class C – in or near electricity (nonconductive) Class D – combustible metals (special)

What to do When an Accident Occurs?  Call for help  Provide first aid  Follow Universal Precautions  Follow Emergency Evacuation Procedures

Universal Precautions  Use Protective barriers Gloves, masks, etc.  Use latex gloves  Remove gloves without touching  Dispose in plastic bag labeled contaminated  Wash your hands  Blood contact with your body Wash thoroughly and call your doctor

Workplace Violence  Robbery  Domestic problems  Personality conflicts  Mentally unstable

The Role of Government  OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration  EPA – Environmental Protection Agency  CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  NIOSH – National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)  Governmental agency (federal)  Insures safe and healthy working conditions  Provides workplace inspection  Provides training  Provides education programs

OSHA  Hazardous Chemical Right to Know You have the right to know about dangerous chemicals in your workplace as well as training Material Safety Data Sheet is required (MSDS)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  Governmental agency (federal)  Protects the environment Air and water Toxic waste disposal Pesticide standards Radiation monitoring

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  Government agency (federal)  Protects from health threats

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)  Government agency (federal)  Researches work-related injury and illness