Federalism

Drill 9/18  What is meant by “Separation of Powers”?

Objective: SWBAT  Identify and analyze the checks and balances of the US government

The principles of US Gov’t.  Popular Sovereignty  Limited Government  Separation of Powers  Checks and Balances  Judicial Review  Federalism

 Popular Sovereignty Government can only govern with the consent of the people  Limited Government Government may only do what the people ALLOW government to do

 Judicial Review Through the case Marbury v Madison (1803) the judicial branch posses the power to rule on the constitutionality of laws  Federalism The division of power among a central government and state/ regional governments

 Separation of powers The Constitution distributes the powers among the three branches of government  Checks and balances Each branch is subject to a set of restraints imposed by the other branches of the government

Three Branches of Government Legislative Executive Judicial

CW: Checks and Balances  With a partner Analyze the political cartoon Answer the questions below to discover the complete meaning behind the illustration

Recap  Which branch has the most power?  Or are they all equal?

Drill 9/19  Define Federalism The division of power among a central government and state/ regional governments

Objective: SWBAT  Define and identify Federalism  Analyze the different Reserved and Concurrent powers

First  Take the survey Which powers should be reserved for the Federal Government? Which should be for the states? Which should be shared?

The Division of Power  The Expressed Powers These powers are expressly given to the national government They are spelled out in the Constitution  The Implied Powers A1, S8, c18 – “The elastic clause” Not spelled out but powers that make sense for a National government to have

The Division of Power  The Inherent Powers Not spelled out in the Constitution Powers that National Gov’ts have had before and make sense for our government to have

The Division of Power  Denied Powers Powers that are expressly denied to the Federal or state governments through the Constitution  Reserved Powers The 10 th Amendment The 10 th Amendment Power that are not expressly given (or denied) to any government stay with the states

The Division of Power  Exclusive Powers Powers given exclusively to the states or federal government  Concurrent Powers Shared powers of the State and Federal Government

CW: The Division of Power  Using your Constitutions and surveys from earlier  Identify which powers are exclusively Federal or state and which ones are concurrent.

The 10 th Amendment The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Drill 9/22  Identify the following Express Powers Implied Powers The tenth amendment

Drill 9/22  The Expressed Powers These powers are expressly given to the national government  The Implied Powers A1, S8, c18 – “The elastic clause” Not spelled out but powers that make sense for a National government to have  Powers that are not expressly given (or denied) to any government stay with the states

Objective: SWBAT  Analyze the relationship between the Federal Government and the fifty states

Federal/ State Relationship  Question: How do states come into the Union?

Admitting new states  Only Congress may admit new states 4.3c1  The area that wishes to be a state must petition for admission  Congress passes an Enabling Act This directs the area to form a constitution  Congress reviews the document and it then passes an ACT OF ADMISSION

Federal/ State Relationship  Question: If the Federal Gov’t is the “parent” of the states – then what are the responsibilities of the Federal Gov’t?

The Nation’s obligation to the states  Protection against invasion or Domestic Violence  Guarantee a Republican form of government  Respect for territorial integrity

Cooperative Federalism  Grants in aid Monies given to the states for various projects These monies are conditional, they have a set purpose  Block Grants FREE MONEY Money states can do with as they see fit, much fewer strings attached

Drill 9/23  Identify the following Express Powers Implied Powers The tenth amendment

Drill 9/23  The Expressed Powers These powers are expressly given to the national government  The Implied Powers A1, S8, c18 – “The elastic clause” Not spelled out but powers that make sense for a National government to have  Powers that are not expressly given (or denied) to any government stay with the states

Drill 9/23  How does a state get admitted into the Union?

Drill 9/23  1) Petition for admittance  2) Enabling Act Make a state Constitution  3) Act of Admission

Objective: SWBAT  Analyze the relationships between the states

Cooperative Federalism  Grants in aid Monies given to the states for various projects These monies are conditional, they have a set purpose  Block Grants FREE MONEY Money states can do with as they see fit, much fewer strings attached

Other forms of compensation  Revenue Sharing The Federal Government gave the states a share of the giant income tax pot Lasted from 1972 – 1982  Reagan killed it  Other forms FBI helps local authorities Army, Navy, Air Force supply the National Guards Census information is essential to local governments

State – State Relationships  Interstate Compacts With consent of Congress: states may enter into agreements with one another  Chesapeake Bay clean-up (MD-VA-PA)  NYC Port Authority (NY-NJ)  Extradition Criminals that flee to different states will be returned, by force of the Federal Government if necessary to the state where the crime was committed

Full Faith and Credit  Records, Public Acts in one state are valid in another state If a person dies in Maryland, but leaves her estate to a person in Illinois So long as the will is legal, IL must recognize it

CW: States’ Rights and Full Faith  Read about the case of South Dakota v. Dole Answer the questions on the back Also: Answer the following BCR on the back  Why is the Full Faith and Credit Clause important? What would happen if the various states did not have to extend “full faith and credit.”

Drill 9/24  Identify the following terms Grants in aid Interstate Compacts Federalism

 Grants… Monies given to the states, from the Federal gov’t, that have a specific purpose  Interstate Compacts With the consent of Congress, two or more states form an agreement to address (an) issue(s)  Federalism The division of power between the national government and the state/ local governments

State – State Relationship  Question: What is the “Full faith and credit” clause of the constitution? What does it mean?

Full Faith and Credit  Records, Public Acts in one state are valid in another state  Marriages, divorces, legal proceedings etc. etc.

Case Study  Get into a group with of three  Each group has a folder with three sheets in it dealing with Welfare reform  Assign one recorder and work as group to complete the three assignments  Also, in your groups debate the following statement and record your response in paragraph form

Welfare reform  Critics of the welfare system say that it actually penalizes those who wish to work, therefore people remain in the system by choice.  Do you agree or disagree with that statement?