TUESDAY, JANUARY 26 TH Reconstruction Plans

Warm-up What do you remember about the Civil War? When did it happen? Why did it happen? Who was involved?

Announcements You will get text books this week. Test February 17 th ! Debate February 16 th

Debate Topic The government is responsible for making sure each person is safe, educated and has a job. Think about what would be required of the government and people for this to happen. Debate date: February 16 th

Recap last week What are the 5 purposes of government? What is the state of nature?

Question of the Day Did Reconstruction bring legal equality to African Americans? Did the disagreements within the government or in the South hinder the success of Reconstruction? Why?

Civil War: Brainpop Follow along with the movie and think about what problems may come up after the Civil War.

Follow along on your Guided Notes Sheet

Reconstruction Reconstruction: The period after the American Civil War when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; Radical republicans: the political party that supported punishing the south and passing the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments Veto: a power given to the president to prevent permanently or temporarily the passing of a bill

Reconstruction Plans: Lincoln’s 10% Plan- 10% of citizens in each southern state had to pledge a vow of allegiance to the union before each state could re-enter the union. All Southern states had to pass the 13 th amendment. The 13 th amendment made slavery illegal.

Reconstruction Plans: Johnson’s Johnson’s plan included Lincoln’s 10% plan and the 13 th amendment. He also included the 14 th amendment (equal rights for all people under the law) but overall had a fairly lenient Reconstruction plan.

Radical Republic or Congressional Plan The Radical Republicans wanted to punish the south for their part in the civil war. They wanted each state to have a majority of its population sign the pledge. Along with the 13 th and 14 th amendment they wanted the Southern states to pass the 15 th amendment which gave African American men the right to vote. Northern soldiers stayed in Southern states until the states accepted or reached the conditions above.

Problems with Reconstruction The South was tired of the North being involved in their affairs. The North did not put enough pressure on Southern states to maintain rights for African Americans (this led to the rise of the Ku Klux Klan). Corruption in Government Panic of A severe economic depression. The North did not want to spend money keeping soldiers in the South.

Election of 1876: Ulysses S. Grant decided not to run for re-election as President. Therefore, two new candidates needed to be put up for election. The Republicans nominated Rutherford B. Hayes from Ohio The Democrats nominated Samuel Tilden from New York

How Presidential Elections work: People who are able to vote, vote for a candidate. This is known as the popular vote. Then, whichever candidate wins the popular vote wins the electoral vote for the state. The electoral vote is one vote by each member of the Electoral College. You need 185 electoral votes to win.

Election of 1876: The Candidates Rutherford B. Hayes: - Former Union General - Republican - From Ohio Samuel Tilden: - Crusader for clean government - Democrat - From New York

What Happens: Tilden wins the popular vote, but NOT the electoral vote. He only loses the electoral vote by 1! Electoral votes in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana are all disputed- people question if Hayes or Tilden won more votes, but the states’ votes still go to Hayes. Democrats and Republicans continue to fight over it. The election goes to the House of Representatives to decide.

Decision: The House of Representatives discussed for WEEKS who was going to win the election. Eventually, the Compromise of 1877 occurs- this said that electoral votes from the disputed states went to Hayes. There are some secret dealings going on, which makes it seem like Hayes really shouldn’t have won the election.

Hayes becomes president All northern troops had to be removed from the South The South could have their own elections The South was able to control their own economy

Results After this election Reconstruction officially ended. The South still had many problems and racism increased after the northern soldiers left. Many African Americans were unable to exercise the rights they had gained during reconstruction because of Jim Crow Laws and other forms of Racism.

Political Cartoons: Analysis Political cartoons are drawings that show something that is a historical topic They usually portray the topic in a funny, sarcastic, or exaggerated way

Political Cartoons: Directions Create a political cartoon that shows either Presidential or Congressional Reconstruction Explain your drawing and why you chose to portray what you did Answer the question: Which Reconstruction plan would you favor if you were voting in Congress in 1865? Why?