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2 by Ms. Zulekha Soorma (HSE Advisor- Environmental Management Consultants)

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Agenda 4

INTRODUCTION 5

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Any directly measurable thing that a person does, including speaking, acting, and performing physical functions 7

Development of Behavioral Safety  Heinrich 1930’s – 88-90% of incidents at workplace were caused by unsafe acts  DuPont ‘s STOP program (Safety Training Observation Program)  Chevron’s POWER 8

What is Behavioral Safety ? 9

 Reflects a proactive approach to safety and health management  Reflects a proactive approach to injury prevention  Focuses on at-risk behaviors that can lead to injury  Focuses on safe behaviors that can contribute to injury prevention  Is an injury prevention process 10

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 Focus intervention on observable behavior  Look for external factors to understand/improve behaviors  Direct with activators and motivate with consequences  Focus on positive consequences to motivate behavior 12

 Apply the scientific method to improve intervention  Use theory to integrate information, not to limit possibilities  Design interventions with consideration of internal feelings and attitudes 13

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The Incident Triangle Serious Injury Minor Injury Property/Equipment Damage Near Miss Unsafe Acts Measured / Reported Not Measured Reported

 Sense  Know  Plan, Act and Maintain  Look, Speak and Listen 16

Three elements : Activator is a person, place, thing, coming before a behavior that encourages you to perform that behavior Behavior is something you can see a person doing Consequence are events that follow behaviors and change the probability that they will recur in future 17

Activators Activators Goals Objectives Priorities Accountabilities Policies/Procedures Standards Training/Education Job aids such as checklists, flowcharts Loss Prevention Guide Pre-Job Safety Instruction 18

Activators Activators Always come before behavior Communicate information Consequences can also be activators Prompt or activate behavior 19

Behavior Behavior Any observable and measurable act Anything you can see a person do 20

Consequences Consequences Events that follow behaviors and change the probability that they will recur in the future Have the greatest influence on behaviors 21

22 Consequences Instructions Manuals Procedures Feedback Recognition Rewards Punishment +/- Reinforcement 85% 15% Antecedents Behavior Feedback Habit

23  Cigarette Smoking - Negative, Future, Uncertain  H2S Exposure – Negative, Immediate, Certain Which is the better example for protection of the respiratory system ?

24 Daily recognition from Superintendent /Foreman - Positive, immediate, certain. Infrequent recognition from Superintendent / Foreman – Positive, future, uncertain. Which will result in the desired behavior?

Critical Behaviors and Barriers to Safety 25

26 The Safety Triad BEHAVIOR ENVIRONMENT PERSON

27  Conscious behavior  Habitual behavior  Unintentional behavior BBS focuses on habitual and unintentional behavior Types of At-risk Behavior

28  At-risk behaviors that lead to serious injury or fatality  At-risk behaviors that could lead to serious injury or fatality  At-risk behaviors that lead to a large number of minor injuries or near misses Critical Behaviors and Barriers to Safety

29  At-risk behaviors that could contribute to a large number of injuries because many people perform a given task  Safe behaviors that need to occur consistently in order to prevent personal injury Critical Behaviors and Barriers to Safety

Implementation Phases of Behavioral Safety 30

Assess the safety culture Phase 1 Phase 1 31 Phase 3 Phase 3 Educate and train employees about the principles, tools and implementation strategies Phase 2 Phase 2 Educate and train team leaders Monitor the progress Phase 4 Phase 4

The Do It Process 32

33  D  Define behaviors  O  Observe behaviors  I  Intervene  T  Test the intervention

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & MONITORING PLAN Why Behavioral Safety Programs Fail 35

 Lots of negative feedback - policing  Observations not done as required  Absence of feedback to workers  Introduced as a “flavor of the month ” 36

 All members of the organization, from top management to the shop floor are fully engaged and supportive  The system is constantly maintained and is not seen as a one-off  The underpinning safety management systems and working environment are also fully maintained. 37

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