Notes 13.2 The Ideal Gas Law is the combination of the three gas laws: Boyle’s, Charles’s, and Avogadro’s. PV= nRT R is a universal gas constant that is = L atm mol K P in atm, V in Liters, T in Kelvin

Example of Ideal Gas Law Radon, a radioactive gas formed naturally in the soil, can cause lung cancer. It can pose a hazard to humans by seeping into houses, and there is concern about this problem in many areas. A 1.5 mol sample of radon gas has a volume of 21.0L at 33 o C. What is the pressure of the gas? Answer: 1.8 atm

Combined Gas Law The combined gas law combines Boyle’s law and Charles’s Law P1V1 = P2V2 T1 T2

Example of Combined Gas Law A sample of argon gas with a volume of 11.0L at a temperature of 13 o C and a pressure of atm is heated to 56 o C and a pressure of 1.18 atm. Calculate the final volume. Answer: 8.01L

Notes 13.3 The pressure exerted by an ideal gas is affected by the number of gas particles and is independent of the nature of the gas particles. If the two items below were important, the pressure of the gas would depend on the nature of the individual particles. 1. The volume of the individual gas particle (atom or molecule) must not be very important 2. The forces among the particles must not be very important.

Standard Temperature and Pressure 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atm =STP 22.4 L molar volume of an ideal gas at STP Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases 1. gases consist of tiny particles 2. the volume of individual particles can be assumed to be negligible 3. particles are in constant random motion colliding with the walls of the container and exerting pressure 4. particles are assumed not attract or to repel each other 5. KE of gas particles is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature of the gas