TOPIC 1 CHEMISTRY: THE STUDY OF MATTER MRS. PAGE CHEM

DAILY OBJECTIVES DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER. EXPLAIN SOLID, LIQUID, AND GAS STATES IN TERMS OF KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY. INTERPRET PHASE CHANGE DIAGRAMS DISTINGUISH BETWEEN PURE SUBSTANCES, HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE, AND HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE, GIVING EXAMPLES OF EACH LIST THE SI UNITS FOR LENGTH, MASS, TIME, VOLUME, DENSITY AND PRESSURE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN MASS AND WEIGHT

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? THE STUDY OF THE MATTER, ITS COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES, AND THE CHANGES IT UNDERGOES.

WHAT IS MATTER? MATTER IS ANYTHING THAT HAS VOLUME AND MASS. VOLUME: THE AMOUNT OF SPACE AN OBJECT TAKES UP VOLUME IS MEASURED IN LITERS (L) OR CUBIC CENTIMETERS (cm 3 ) MASS IS THE AMOUNT OF PARTICLES IN AN OBJECT MASS IS MEASURED IN KILOGRAMS (kg)

MASS VS WEIGHT MASS THE AMOUNT OF MATTER IN AN OBJECT CONSTANT SI UNIT KILOGRAMS (kg) WEIGHT THE FORCE OF GRAVITY ON AN OBJECT CHANGES WITH LOCATION (EX: MOON VS EARTH) SI UNIT NEWTONS

CLASSIFYING MATTER PURE SUBSTANCE (ELEMENTS & COMPOUNDS)- MADE OF 1 TYPE OF PARTICLE. IT CAN’T BE SEPARATED IN A PHYSICAL WAY. MIXTURE- MORE THAN ONE SUBSTANCE “MIXED” TOGETHER. IT CAN BE SEPARATED IN PHYSICAL WAYS (FILTERING, EVAPORATION, PICKING APART, USING A MAGNET, ETC.) GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF PURE SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES FROM YOUR EVERY DAY LIFE.

CLASSIFYING MATTER 2 TYPES OF MIXTURES: HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE- THE COMPONENTS THAT ARE MIXED ARE EVENLY DISTRIBUTED. THE SAME THROUGHOUT HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE- THE PARTS MAKING UP THE MIXTURE ARE NOT EVENLY DISTRIBUTED. NOT THE SAME THROUGHOUT DRAW A PICTURE REPRESENTING A PURE SUBSTANCE, A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE & A HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE. GIVE EXAMPLES OF EACH.

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PROPERTIES OF MATTER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES- A PROPERTY THAT CAN BE OBSERVED AND MEASURED WITHOUT CHANGING THE COMPOSITION. CAN BE OBSERVED WITHOUT A CHEMICAL CHANGE OCCURRING EXAMPLES? COLOR, MELTING POINT, STATE OF MATTER, CONDUCTIVITY, HARDNESS, DENSITY, MAGNETISM

PROPERTIES OF MATTER CHEMICAL PROPERTIES- A PROPERTY THAT CAN ONLY BE OBSERVED BY REARRANGING THE ATOMS IN THE SUBSTANCE. REQUIRES A CHEMICAL REACTION TO OBSERVE EXAMPLES? REACTIVITY, PH, FLAMMABILITY, OXIDATION (EX: RUSTING)

STATES OF MATTER SOLID- HAS DEFINITE SHAPE AND VOLUME. THE PARTICLES CANNOT MOVE PAST EACH OTHER. PARTICLES SHAKE IN PLACE BUT LOW ENERGY. LIQUID- DEFINITE VOLUME BUT TAKES THE SHAPE OF ITS CONTAINER. THE PARTICLES SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER. PARTICLES HAVE MEDIUM ENERGY AND MOVE AROUND. GAS- A SUBSTANCE WITHOUT DEFINITE VOLUME OR SHAPE, IT FILLS ITS’ CONTAINER. THE PARTICLES ARE VERY SPREAD OUT. PARTICLES HAVE HIGH ENERGY AND MOVE AROUND RAPIDLY

States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Definite Volume? YES NO Definite Shape? YES NO Compressible? NO YES

Solid Liquid Gas Melting Evaporation Condensation Freezing CHANGES OF STATES

PHASE CHANGE DIAGRAMS

INTERPRET

TICKET OUT THE DOOR 1.Define matter 2.What is the difference between mass and weight? 3.What are the two properties of matter? Give an example of each. 4.Describe the 3 states of matter using the kinetic molecular theory. 5.How do you feel about the first week of chemistry?