Classification of Matter Section 1.1 Composition of Matter

Warm up What is matter?

Objectives Define substances and mixtures. Identify elements and compounds. Compare and contrast solutions, colloids and suspensions.

Matter can be: substance or mixture

What is a substance? A pure substance is a type of matter with a fixed proportion. A substance can be either: 1- element 2- compound

What is an element? An element is a substance whose atoms have the same identity. Examples of elements are: 1- graphite in your pencil

Copper

What is a compound? A compound is a substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined in fixed proportion.

A compound can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical mean only. Compounds have different properties than the elements that make them.

Mixtures A mixture is made up of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means. Examples of mixtures:

Types of mixtures

Homogeneous mixture Is a mixture that is the same throughout. One phase Uniformly mixed Small particles Particles don’t settle down Solution is another name of a homogeneous mixture

Heterogeneous mixture Is visibly different throughout. Not uniformly mixed More than one phase Larger part

Tyndall effect

Summary Atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. Matter can be either a substance or a mixture. Substance can be either an element ( one type of atom) or a compound (two or more types of atoms) In a compound elements are combined chemically (in specific ratio) and it has different properties than the elements. A mixture is a combination of different materials that can be easily separated by physical means. Two types of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogeneous. Two types of heterogeneous mixtures are colloid (particles don’t settle) and suspension (particles are heavy enough to settle)

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