Tropic Of Cancer 23 1/2 Tropic Of Capricorn 23 1/2 Equator 0 Antarctic Circle 66.5 Arctic Circle 66.5 North Pole 90 South Pole 90 Prime Meridian O ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° EARTH

Equator 0 ° Earth Axis (through the middle of the earth, not on its outside (That’s the Prime Meridian) 23.5° North Axis is pointed toward the North Star

Latitude (Lat is Flat) are lines that run parallel from pole to pole. Known as “parallels” or “Ladder Lines” Zero degree at the equator to 90° degree at the poles Equator 0° 10° N 10° S 80° N 90° North Pole

Longitude, are lines that run from North Pole to South Pole “Apple wedges” “Meridians” Zero degree at the Prime Meridian up to 180°degree on the other side of the world, then the numbers work there way back to the Prime Meridian Prime Meridian 0° 15°W 30°W

Longitude, Time = every 15° = 1 hour on the clock 15°W 30°W

AMOUNT OF DAYLIGHT AT EARTH’S SURFACE ACTUAL OBSERVATIONS  AS YOU GO FURTHER AWAY FROM THE EQUATOR THE AMOUNT OF DAYLIGHT INCREASES IN THE SUMMER AND DECREASES IN THE WINTER.  THE EQUATOR HAS APPROXIMATELY 12 HOURS OF DAYLIGHT ALL YEAR ROUND  THE NORTH POLE HAS 24 HOURS OF DAYLIGHT IN THE SUMMER AND 24 HOURS OF NIGHT IN THE WINTER.  ON SEPTEMBER AND MARCH 22, ALL AREAS ON EARTH HAVE 12 HOURS OF DAY AND 12 HOURS OF NIGHT.

Summer Solstice June 21st Indirect Rays direct Rays Indirect Rays The most southern point to receive any sunlight

Winter Solstice Dec 21st Indirect Rays Direct Rays The most Northern point to receive any sunlight

Autumnal Equinox Sept 21 st, Spring Equinox Mar Indirect Rays

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Precipitation Moisture cools and condenses. Think of sweat on a drink bottle. 3 types 1.Convectional Sun heats the moist air and rain clouds form. Usually tropical. 2.Orographic Mountains force moist air upwards and rain or snow forms when moisture cools. Precipitation typically falls on windward side of mountain (the side on which wind is blowing) since it’s blocked by the mountain from falling on the other side. Rain shadow.

Snow No Snow