The War Scroll סרך מחלמה 1QM

Outline of War Scroll Introduction (1) Organization and Tactics (2-9) –Mobilization of troops –Rules for trumpets –Rules for standards –Inscription for the prince of the congregation –Rules for the fighting battalions –How the priests are to direct the battle –Rules to modify the formation of the fighting battalions War Prayers (10-14) –Prayers at the camp –Prayers on the battlefield –Prayers after the victory The War Against the Kittim (15-20) –First engagement –Engagement of the reserve –Final engagement and pursuit –After the war

The Rapture 1 Thessalonians ch For this we tell you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive, who are left to the coming of the Lord, will in no way precede those who have fallen asleep. 16 For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with God's trumpet. The dead in Christ will rise first, 17 then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air. So we will be with the Lord forever.

Matthew 24:36-41 "[36] But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only. [37] But as the days of Noah were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. [38] For as in the days that were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark, [39] And knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. [40] Then shall two be in the field; the one shall be taken, and the other left. [41] Two women shall be grinding at the mill; the one shall be taken, and the other left."

Testudo

Testudo Formation

Plutarch describes this formation as used by Mark Antony during his invasion of Parthia in 36 BC:PlutarchMark AntonyParthia "Then the shield-bearers wheeled round and enclosed the light-armed troops within their ranks, dropped down to one knee, and held their shields out as a defensive barrier. The men behind them held their shields over the heads of the first rank, while the third rank did the same for the second rank. The resulting shape, which is a remarkable sight, looks very like a roof, and is the surest protection against arrows, which just glance off it."

Angels in Battle שמות פרק כג פסוק כ הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי שֹׁלֵחַ מַלְאָךְ לְפָנֶיךָ לִשְׁמָרְךָ בַּדָּרֶךְ וְלַהֲבִיאֲךָ אֶל הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר הֲכִנֹתִי: שמות פרק לג פסוק ב וְשָׁלַחְתִּי לְפָנֶיךָ מַלְאָךְ וְגֵרַשְׁתִּי אֶת הַכְּנַעֲנִי הָאֱמֹרִי וְהַחִתִּי וְהַפְּרִזִּי הַחִוִּי וְהַיְבוּסִי: מלכים ב פרק יט פסוק לה וַיְהִי בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא וַיֵּצֵא מַלְאַךְ יְקֹוָק וַיַּךְ בְּמַחֲנֵה אַשּׁוּר מֵאָה שְׁמוֹנִים וַחֲמִשָּׁה אָלֶף וַיַּשְׁכִּימוּ בַבֹּקֶר וְהִנֵּה כֻלָּם פְּגָרִים מֵתִים:

תלמוד בבלי מסכת ברכות דף יב ע"א וקורין עשרת הדברות שמע והיה אם שמוע ויאמר אמת ויציב ועבודה וברכת כהנים (משנה תמיד ה:א). אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל: אף בגבולין בקשו לקרות כן, אלא שכבר בטלום מפני תרעומת המינין. תניא נמי הכי, רבי נתן אומר: בגבולין בקשו לקרות כן, אלא שכבר בטלום מפני תרעומת המינין. רבה בר בר חנה סבר למקבעינהו בסורא, אמר ליה רב חסדא: כבר בטלום מפני תרעומת המינין. אמימר סבר למקבעינהו בנהרדעא, אמר ליה רב אשי: כבר בטלום מפני תרעומת המינין. They recited the Ten Commandments, the Shema’, the sections "And it shall come to pass if you diligently listen", and "And the Lord said", "True and firm", the ‘Abodah, and the priestly benediction (Mishnha Tamid 5:1). Rab Judah said in the name of Samuel: Outside the Temple also people wanted to do the same, but they were stopped on account of the insinuations of the Minim. Similarly it has been taught: R. Nathan says, They sought to do the same outside the Temple, but it had long been abolished on account of the insinuations of the Minim. Rabbah b. Bar Hanah had an idea of instituting this in Sura, but R. Hisda said to him, It had long been abolished on account of the insinuations of the Minim. Amemar had an idea of instituting it in Nehardea, but R. Ashi said to him, It had long been abolished on account of the insinuations of the Minim.

משנה סנהדרין יא:ג חומר בדברי סופרים מבדברי תורה האומר אין תפילין כדי לעבור על דברי תורה פטור חמשה טוטפות להוסיף על דברי סופרים חייב. There is a greater stringency regarding teachings of the scribes than regarding teachings of the Torah. If one says, there is no precept of tefillin, such that a biblical law would be transgressed, he is exempt. [But, if he rules that the tefillin must contain] five compartments, thus adding to the words of the scribes, he is liable.

Yerushalmi Sanhedrin 11:4 (30b) התורה אמרה ארבע טוטפות של ארבע פרשיות עשאן חמש טוטפות של ארבע פרשיות חייב The Torah stipulated four sections of four pericopae; if one made five sections of four pericopae he is liable.