GÈANT3 Carbon Footprint 2009 Jørgen Moth, UNI-C.

TNC May – 3 June, Carbon footprint? the ‘carbon footprint’ measures the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused directly and indirectly by a person, organization, event or product

TNC May – 3 June, DANTE, City House, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK

TNC May – 3 June, GÉANT Network

TNC May – 3 June, Question: GHG/Year due to GÉANT/DANTE? GÉANT Climate impact 200 kg CO 2 e/year ? 200 tonnes CO 2 e/year ? 2000 tonnes CO 2 e/year? tonnes CO 2 e/year? tonnes CO 2 e/year ? 2 mio tonnes CO 2 e/year ? (Total Europe about 5000 mio tonnes CO2e/year)

TNC May – 3 June, Answered by GN3/NA5/task tonnes CO 2 e in 2009 Corresponding to 200 Danish Citizens 0,00004 % of European total

TNC May – 3 June, Who are GN3/NA3/task5? GN3: Multi-Gigabit European Research and Education Network and Associated Services NA3: Networking Activity 3 – Status and trends Task 5: Study of Environmental impact Partners: HEAnet (Ireland - Mike Norris) NIIF (Hungary - Tamas Maray) PSNC (Poland - Rafal Sowinsky, Robert Pekal, Artur Juszczyk) NORDUnet (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden – Lars Fischer, Jørgen Moth)

TNC May – 3 June, GN3 Budget (Mio EURO)

TNC May – 3 June, How to calculate and report? Use the ISO standard

TNC May – 3 June, Which GHG emissions? Scope 1: own emissions – standby generators, own cars, own heating,.. Scope 2: indirect emissions – imported energy, heating and electricity Scope 3: other indirect emissions – e.g. transportation Stemming from the operation of the GÉANT network by DANTE

TNC May – 3 June, GÉANT/DANTE Baseline audit (GHG Report) Scope 1 emissions Nothing (no own cars; fuel to stand-by generators ignored) Scope 2 emissions  Office – light, heating & cooling, equipment  Datacentres – routers, switches, services  Backbone - ILAs Scope 3 emissions Transport – business, commuting

TNC May – 3 June, Calculation of Scope 2 GHG emissions A two step procedure is used: 1)Heating and electricity consumption data provided by DANTE (Kudos to Guy Roberts!) 2)Consumption values multiplied by GHG conversion factors retrieved from UK and EU data bases

TNC May – 3 June, Calculation of Scope 3 GHG emissions Business travels and commuting by car, bus, taxi or train: The distances covered are multiplied by the corresponding GHG conversion factors from the UK DEFRA guidelines onversion-factors.htm Business flights: The emissions are obtained by the ICAO Carbon emission calculator:

TNC May – 3 June, Office

TNC May – 3 June, Office step 1: consumptions Office gas/electricity consumptionElectricityGastotal power kWh quarter year *2kWh/y Office location Network operations centre: 270 sq m DANTE office: 650 sq m + shared area * Total Notes: *1 consumption for the period 1 July June 2009 *2 for quarter Aug-Nov 2009

TNC May – 3 June, Office step 2: conversion to emissions Accounting itemUnitsSupplementary information CO2 factor CH4 factor N2O factor EmissionSubtotal (g CO2(g CO2e (kg CO2e)(tons CO2e) per kWh) OfficekWh/yearOffice space (m2) City House Hills Rd, Cambridge + shared area Heating ,580,280, Electricity NOC 270 Electricity (incl. Heating)

TNC May – 3 June, Datacentre

TNC May – 3 June, Backbone (GÉANT)

TNC May – 3 June, Datacentre & Backbone step 1: consumptions CountryRoutersPoPsMCCsILA1626LMDatacentreBackbone Watts kWh/year AT-Austria BE-Belgium BU-Bulgaria CH-Switzerland CY-Cyprus 00 CZ-Czech Republic DE-Germany DK-Denmark Ex: ( )*24*365*1,7/1000 = 78928

TNC May – 3 June, Datacentre & Backbone step 2: conversion to emissions Data centre power consumption kWh/year (gCO2e /kWh) (kg CO2e) AT-Austria BE-Belgium BU-Bulgaria CH-Switzerland CY-Cyprus0 0 0 CZ-Czech Republic DE-Germany DK-Denmark

TNC May – 3 June, Datacentres Data centre power consumption kWh/year(gCO2e /kWh) (kg CO2e) tonnes CO2 AT-Austria BE-Belgium BU-Bulgaria CH-Switzerland CY-Cyprus00 0 CZ-Czech Republic DE-Germany DK-Denmark … 1094

TNC May – 3 June, Backbone kWh/year(gCO2e /kWh) (kg CO2e) tonnes CO2 AT-Austria BE-Belgium BU-Bulgaria CH-Switzerland CY-Cyprus00 0 CZ-Czech Republic DE-Germany DK-Denmark … Leased wavelengths

TNC May – 3 June, Transportation

TNC May – 3 June, Transport Transportati on km/yearOf this commuting (km/year) CO2 factor (gCO2e/km) NH4 factor (gCO2e/km) N2O factor (gCO2e/km) (kg CO2e) tonnes CO2 Taxi ,350,061,24654 Own car (lower medium) ,710,271, National train ,740,083, International Train (Eurostar) ,650,010, Flight (95204) ,260,010,

TNC May – 3 June, GÉANT/DANTE GHG Report GÉANT Climate Accounting Grand Total (tonnes CO2e/year) 2043

TNC May – 3 June, GN3/NA3/task5 partner audit results

GHG abatement by GÉANT and other networks

TNC May – 3 June, GN3/NA3/task5 next study Use of networks to reduce GHG emissions Current best practice: teleworking video conferencing electronic documents, s (don’t print them!) … Estimated to save about 50 mio tonnes CO 2 e per year; at the expense of about tonnes CO 2 e per year for networks and desktops/portables/notebooks; An abatement factor of one thousand To be investigated and confirmed!!

TNC May – 3 June, Other examples and new ideas Please share your ideas and proposals with us!

Questions?