Color Theory What is color? How do we describe and match colors? Color spaces.

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Presentation transcript:

Color Theory What is color? How do we describe and match colors? Color spaces

What is color? Interaction of light and eye-brain system Light: electromagnetic phenomenon Discerned by different wavelength

Color Spectra Pure colors

Color Spectra Sample lights: How to describe them numerically?

Human Perception System Trichromacy – 3 primary colors

Describe color Use three primary color (r,g,b) C( ) = r( )R’ + g( )G’ + b( )B’ r( ) g( ) b( ) negative!!

CIE Primary “Colors” (X’,Y’,Z’) - Not real colors The combination coefficients are positive C( ) = x( )X’ + y( )Y’ + z( )Z’

CIE Primary Colors

CIE Chromaticity Chart Project to xy plane

Dominant Wavelength

CIE Gamuts - The range of colors that can be produced on a device Red Green Blue CRT Gamut

Gamut of Various Devices

Color Spaces CIE model is not necessarily the most natural one Many other color spaces are used RGB HLS CMY HSV ….

RGB Color Space

HLS Color Space

HLS Color Space (2)

CMY Color Model C: Cyan; M: Magenta; Y: Yellow Subtractive primaries - Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow are the compliment of Red, Green Blue Specified by what is being removed from white Example: Cyan color = (1,0,0) means red is removed; CMY: (1,1,0) -> red and green is removed => what color?

CMY RGB C 1 R M = 1 - G Y 1 B