Web 2.0: Concepts and Applications 6 Linking Data

Overview  Web 2.0 has become characterized by applications that connect people and technologies that link data  The Internet makes it possible to access information from any Internet-connected device –Web-based tools for collaboration –Web applications –Other technologies for sharing information Chapter 6: Linking Data2

Overview Chapter 6: Linking Data3

Computing in the Cloud  Cloud computing describes how applications are stored and deployed on a network of Internet servers –Cloud represents the Internet  Cloud computing service providers offer server space and processing  Companies such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and Salesforce often operate these servers for many businesses Chapter 6: Linking Data4

Computing in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data5

Computing in the Cloud  Cloud computing includes three main areas of service: –Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Delivery of a networked computing structure over the Internet –Platform as a Service (PaaS) Delivery of a computing platform over the Internet –Software as a Service (SaaS) Delivery of software applications over the Internet  Cloud computing is more cost-effective Chapter 6: Linking Data6

Infrastructure as a Service: Computing in the Cloud  Consumers can store photos, music, documents, and other files in the Cloud –Public Cloud –Hybrid Cloud –Private Cloud  Many Cloud storage providers offer limited storage for free, and charge an additional fee for more storage –Freemium business model Chapter 6: Linking Data7

Infrastructure as a Service: Computing in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data8

Infrastructure as a Service: Computing in the Cloud  A virtual computer is a Web application that provides computing capabilities Chapter 6: Linking Data9

Infrastructure as a Service: Computing in the Cloud  Using virtualization, one host machine can operate as if it were several smaller servers Chapter 6: Linking Data10

Platform as a Service: Application Development in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data11

Platform as a Service: Application Development in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data12

Software as a Service: Applications in the Cloud  The Web adds connectivity to many traditionally desktop-hosted applications Chapter 6: Linking Data13

Consumer Applications in the Cloud  Cloud computing makes it possible for companies to offer Web-based versions of popular personal computer programs –Gmail –Microsoft Office Outlook Web Access –Google Docs –Google Reader –Google Sites –ZohoWriter –Microsoft Office Live –Sumo Paint Chapter 6: Linking Data14

Consumer Applications in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data15

Business Applications in the Cloud  The Salesforce Service Cloud allows businesses to pay as they use services, instead of owning comparable software Chapter 6: Linking Data16

Understanding Distributed Web Applications  An application programming interface (API) is a software module that enables software applications to interact with each other  Web services are APIs that Web applications can request to run over the Internet –Travelocity subscribes to the Weather Underground service to integrate weather information on their Web site Chapter 6: Linking Data17

Understanding Distributed Web Applications Chapter 6: Linking Data18

The Structure of Distributed Applications Chapter 6: Linking Data19

Examining Data from Web Services  Twitter APIs contain methods to search Twitter, obtain user information, and provide statistics on individual tweets –Twitter API Documentation  You can view the XML-formatted data from some of these methods by entering the URL of the method in your browser Chapter 6: Linking Data20

Examining Data from Web Services Chapter 6: Linking Data21

Computing in the Cloud with Google Docs  Integrated SaaS suite of Web applications  Free service to customers  Users can access documents from anywhere –Documents –Spreatsheets –Presentations –Folders –Forms  Users can upload existing documents  Users can collaborate with each other Chapter 6: Linking Data22

Computing in the Cloud with Google Docs Chapter 6: Linking Data23

Computing in the Cloud with Google Docs Chapter 6: Linking Data24

Advanced Cloud-Based Features of Google Spreadsheets  Google Spreadsheets offers an online editor called Google Forms to create forms for surveys  Users completing the survey view the form in their Web browsers  Google Forms stores the form and any other data as part of the Google spreadsheet Chapter 6: Linking Data25

Advanced Cloud-Based Features of Google Spreadsheets Chapter 6: Linking Data26

Advanced Cloud-Based Features of Google Spreadsheets Chapter 6: Linking Data27

Including Live Data from the Web in a Google Spreadsheet  Google Spreadsheets includes Web functions that look up information on the Web and insert the results in spreadsheet cells –GoogleLookup –GoogleFinance –GoogleTranslate –ImportFeed –ImportHTML –ImportXML Chapter 6: Linking Data28

Including Live Data from the Web in a Google Spreadsheet Chapter 6: Linking Data29

Using Google Sets to Auto-Fill Cells  Google Sets is a tool that finds lists of related values  Enter one or two related values, point the mouse at the cell’s handle in the lower right corner, press CTRL, and drag the cell down several rows Chapter 6: Linking Data30

Using ImportHTML  The ImportHTML function imports a table or list from a Web page into a Google spreadsheet  You need to know which table on the page you wish to import Chapter 6: Linking Data31

Using ImportHTML Chapter 6: Linking Data32

Using ImportXML  Displays XML data within a Google spreadsheet  Requires a URL of the XML feed and the XPATH for the requested data Chapter 6: Linking Data33

Using ImportXML Chapter 6: Linking Data34

Linking Data between Web Applications  Data can be linked between applications in a variety of ways –Facebook Connect –OpenID  Portal pages display customized online content from different sources on the same page Chapter 6: Linking Data35

Linking Data between Web Applications Chapter 6: Linking Data36

Linking Activities between Web Applications  Facebook Connect is a set of APIs that enable applications to allow users to share their identities and activities across many different Web sites –Facebook identity becomes single sign-on –Activity on these sites appears in Facebook status updates Chapter 6: Linking Data37

Linking Activities between Web Applications Chapter 6: Linking Data38

Authenticating with OpenID  OpenID is an authentication service that allows users to sign on to many different Web sites using a single, common digital identity –Google –Yahoo! –Blogger –AOL Chapter 6: Linking Data39

Authenticating with OpenID Chapter 6: Linking Data40

Creating New Applications from Data in the Cloud  Mashups are Web applications that combine content or data from multiple online sources into new Web applications  Contents are continually updated  Content for mashups often comes from Web feeds and Web services  Creating mashups usually requires significant Web development experience Chapter 6: Linking Data41

Creating New Applications from Data in the Cloud Chapter 6: Linking Data42

Creating New Applications from Data in the Cloud  Wordle is a mashup application that creates a word cloud based on the frequency of words in a specified text Chapter 6: Linking Data43

Linking Data in Context: A Prelude to Web 3.0 and Beyond  Web 3.0 is the name that is being used to describe emerging trends that allow people and machines to link information in new way –Agents can make decisions and take actions based on a user’s preferences  Many describe Web 3.0 as the rise of the Semantic Web –Intelligent software tools can read Web pages and discern useful information from them Chapter 6: Linking Data44

Linking Data in Context: A Prelude to Web 3.0 and Beyond Chapter 6: Linking Data45

Linking Data in Context: A Prelude to Web 3.0 and Beyond Chapter 6: Linking Data46

A Semantic Search Engine: Bing  Microsoft’s Bing search engine attempts to understand a search query in order to provide meaningful results  Bing infers meaning from a user’s search query –Mt Rushmore is an abbreviation for Mount Rushmore  Provides preview of search results Chapter 6: Linking Data47

A Semantic Search Engine: Bing Chapter 6: Linking Data48

A Computational Knowledge Engine: Wolfram|Alpha  Wolfram|Alpha is a computational knowledge engine that tries to understand user questions and calculate their answers  Knowledge base is composed of verified data from public Web sites, such as the United States Census Bureau for population and demographics information Chapter 6: Linking Data49

A Computational Knowledge Engine: Wolfram|Alpha Chapter 6: Linking Data50

Structured Search: Google Squared  Google Squared adds structure to search results by providing the results in a table  Users can search for and display additional attributes by adding a new column and can add additional items to the category by adding a new row Chapter 6: Linking Data51

Structured Search: Google Squared Chapter 6: Linking Data52

Summary  Cloud computing combines the convenience of Web hosting with the flexibility of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS  Web 2.0 companies provide APIs and Web services so that others can access their data to create new applications and mashups that run in the Cloud  Web 3.0 will mark the shift to a Semantic Web Chapter 6: Linking Data53

Web 2.0: Concepts and Applications 6 Linking Data Chapter 6 Complete