© OnCourse Learning Chapter 25 : Land-Use Control

 Based on the principle of use separation: some land uses are incompatible with others and should not be permitted in the same area  Divides land into zones (districts) and within each zone regulate the purpose for which buildings may be constructed, height and bulk of the buildings, area of the lot that they may occupy, & number of persons that they can accommodate. © OnCourse Learning ZONING

 Regulates the purpose for which buildings may be constructed along with its height and bulk.  Establish lot area requirements.  Number of parking spaces.  Number of persons. ZONING LAWS © OnCourse Learning

 R – Residential  C – Commercial  I – Industrial  A – Agriculture  M- Manufacturing COMMON ZONING SYMBOLS © OnCourse Learning

 Land-use restrictions  Enforcement  Nonconforming use  Amendment  Variance  Conditional-use permit  Spot zoning LAND-USE RESTRICTIONS © OnCourse Learning

 Downzoning  Taking  Buffer zone  Legality & Value LAND-USE RESTRICTIONS © OnCourse Learning

 Before a building lot can be sold, a subdivider must comply with government regulations concerning street construction, curbs, sidewalks, street lighting, fire hydrants, storm and sanitary sewers, grading and compacting of soil, water and utility lines, minimum lot size, and so on.  Subdivider may be required to either set aside land for schools and parks or provide money so that land for that purpose may be purchased nearby © OnCourse Learning SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS

 Minimum acceptable materials and construction standards needed to protect public health and safety.  Includes standards for structural load and stress, windows & ventilation, size & location of rooms, fire protection, exits, plumbing, heating, lighting, and more! BUILDING CODES © OnCourse Learning

 Restrictions on land use that a owner places in the deed to control future development.  Also known as restrictive covenants. DEED RESTRICTIONS © OnCourse Learning

 Used to determine the effect of a proposed project on the total environment.  Includes:  Probable impact on area.  Adverse environmental effects.  Alternatives to proposed project.  Listing of irreversible commitment of resources if project is implemented. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY © OnCourse Learning

 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)  Clean Water Act © OnCourse Learning ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

 All Appropriate Inquiry  Provided innocent landowner defense to CERCLA  Rule defining exactly what constitutes due diligence criteria © OnCourse Learning EPA

Key Terms Building codes Certificate of occupancy Downzoning Environmental impact statement Land-use control Master plan Nonconforming use Restrictive covenants Variance Zoning law © OnCourse Learning