Economic Reconstruction and The Cold War World War II left Eurasia completely destroyed especially the economy (This can also be called “Financial Dunkirk”) – No communication with other countries – No trade between countries – No transportation – No homes, buildings, etc. Europe had learned from World War II that humiliation and appeasement were not a good solution of the end of the war  new solutions were to be explored

What the USA did to help Marshal Plan: USA  Eurasia – $12 billion dollars spent in financial assistance to European equipment (No money was given to communists) Policy of Containment – Policy that Russia should not be aggressive. – Russian and Chinese (Communists) feared the power of the US. “No Personal Freedom” -USA Russia started to ally with other countries

What difference does it make? World Wars killed 75 million people and the economic depression left the world in a bad position – The world feared nuclear destruction Roosevelt and Churchill gave freedom rights – No more COLONIES Goal: Resolve disputes peacefully and work for better public health and more fully developed laws

The Cold War: USA vs. USSR ( )

Soviet Union after Stalin Nikita Khrushchev ( ) – Political Prisoners – Everyone was forced to think the same – Mass arrests of revolts and political leaders that had opposing opinions – Soviet prison labor camps – Private book written by Khrushchev called Samizdat. – Catch up to the West economically, militarily and they attempted to fix all the land that they had ruined in WWII – Agriculture Backward Economy Russia felt agriculturally threatened by United States’ power so they strengthened the military – Ally with CUBA

Soviet Union after Stalin Leonid Brezhnev ( ) – Czechoslovakia tried to escape Russia but Brezhnev established authority and did not allow. – Counter-Revolution – Poland still had hope, despite the power of the Soviet leader. – Solidarity Independent trade union with over 10 million workers Low price, High wage People had the right to strike, political prisoners were free END censorship – Nobel Peace prize was given when Brezhnev died

American Conflict: Military-Industrial Complex and the Cuban Missile Crisis Butter Battle Book Lots of money was spent on weapons Eisenhower warned the people about the ability to create full-scale warfare Client State: A state that is economically, politically, or militarily dependent on another state Cuban Missile Crisis – US vs. Cuba (Soviet client state) – Bay of Pigs – Fidel Castro lead a guerilla war against America and declared a 6 point program Healthcare for all Literacy and educational system Housing policies Limits on foreign investment Land redistribution laws – No elections

The Cold War and Emergence of New Nations Everyone’s independent – No superiority Make the world safe for democracy Jewish/Palestinian conflict U.S.A. threatened taking away the Marshall Plan to keep certain countries in line Civil rights and feminist movements

Allies in The Cold War