The Industrial Revolution Explosion of New Technologies!

Northern Economy: +/- Strengths 1. The north had just experienced an Industrial Revolution, and was producing manufactured goods. 2. New methods of transportation that brought goods to and from the manufacturing north. 3. A new, national currency that enabled the north to trade with the south and west. Weaknesses 1. Poor soil, low crop production, few livestock.

Southern/Western Economy: +/- Strengths 1. Good and rich soil for plantation farming. 2. Increased slavery, increased productivity. 3. Use of the Mississippi River for transportation of goods between the north and south economies. Weaknesses 1. No factories for manufacturing goods. 2. Heavy, intense labor needed to run the plantations smoothly in the south.

Impact of New Technologies & Internal Improvements Encourages expansion Unifies country Makes travel easier Allows products to move easily throughout U.S. Improves communication

United States Expansion Compare the eastern and western states. What observation can you make?

Five Major Technologies/Developments National Road Erie Canal Interchangeable (pre-manufactured) Parts Steam Engine Cotton Gin Traveling west just got easier!

National Road

Turnpikes – National Road Ran from Cumberland, MD to Vandalia, IL Straighter than previous trails Gravel, with drainage ditches and stone or wooded bridges First toll roads Construction of the National Road begins between Cumberland, MD and Vandalia, Il National Road opens to the public, tolls are required to help offset construction costs.

Erie Canal – connects Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes Erie Canal opens a 363-mile waterway that connects the Hudson River to Lake Erie.

ERIE CANAL

Interchangeable Parts -allowed relatively unskilled workers to produce large numbers of weapons quickly and at lower cost, and made repair and replacement of parts infinitely easier. Colt revolvers were a key tool in promoting westward expansion. Why?

Steam Engine

Newcomen’s Steam Engine

Steamboat Robert Fulton’s Clermont makes its maiden voyage, 150 miles from New York City to Albany.

Steam Locomotive First steam locomotive was used to transport goods across different regions of the country.

Cotton Production in the South, 1820–1860 What does the map show regarding cotton production? What do you attribute to this change?

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

What affect did the cotton gin have? Two kinds of cotton Short staple(fiber) Easier to grow Harder to separate Long staple (fiber) Only grows near the coast Easy to separate Cotton gin made separating more efficient for short staple. Farmers could move farther inland and plant more cotton.

Slave Population Slavery spread southwestward from the upper South and the eastern seaboard following the spread of cotton cultivation.

TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS YEARINVENTORCONTRIBUTION 1793Eli WhitneyCotton gin 1807Robert FultonSteamboat 1813Richard ChenaworthCast-iron plow 1830Peter CooperRailroad locomotive 1831Cyrus McCormickReaper 1836Samuel ColtRevolver 1837John DeereSteel plow 1839Charles GoodyearVulcanization of rubber 1842Crawford W. LongFirst administered ether 1844Samuel MorseTelegraph 1846Elias HoweSewing machine

Industrial Revolution You are a travel agent for a major real estate company in St. Louis. To stay in business you need to attract settlers from the East Coast to settle in the West. Please use your imagination and creativity to come up with a marketing campaign/ad to place in the New York Times, a major metropolitan newspaper from out East. The editor needs your ad to contain the following? Name & picture (or symbol) of the invention/innovation Name of the inventor (if one is given) Date of Invention /Technology Three separate reasons how/why this invention makes living or traveling west easier/more attractive than before COLOR