3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems Natural selection - process where individuals with advantages are better able to reproduce and pass along.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
What Shapes an Ecosystem
Advertisements

Succession Part 4. Brainstorm How do Ecosystems Form?
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
CHANGES IN AN ECOSYSTEM
Ecosystems continually change over time Chapter 3 – Science 10.
Primary and Secondary Succession.  There are 3 main ways in which change occurs in our ecosystems: 1. Natural Selection – species change (adapt) to their.
Law 3: Everything is Always Changing Succession – How the ecosystem changes over time Natural Selection – The survival and reproduction of organisms with.
Section 3.3.  Describe (at least) 3 things that make up an organism’s niche:  Habitat  What/when it eats  What eats it  How it reproduces  How much.
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems When an organism is born, it belongs to a species, but it also is born with.
By the end of section 3.1 you should be able to understand the following:  Over time, and many generations, organisms change along with the biotic and.
Before Class Task 1. Form a group of 2-3 people. No more than 3 people. 2. Read page Discuss with your group mate about the process of primary.
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems When an organism is born, it belongs to a species, but it also is born with.
3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems
CHAPTER 6 ECOSYSTEM BALANCE.
Succession Where the changing of species composition occurs over a period of time. Two main types: Primary succession: starting from scratch. Where there.
Succession in Ecosystems
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Yellowstone National Park, Succession is the gradual change in a community involving species in one stage being replaced by different species in.
Primary and Secondary Succession.  Succession refers to the change that take place over time in the types of organisms that live in an area  Primary.
Warm Up 1 1.The living parts of an ecosystem are called? 2.A series of events in nature that happen over and over? 3.Two ways in which nitrogen can be.
Ecological succession
Ecological Succession Environmental Science. Ecological Succession  Ecosystems are constantly changing.  Ecological succession is a gradual process.
Biomes.
3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems Natural selection - process where individuals with advantages are better able to reproduce and pass along.
Ecological Succession:
Review: Ecological Succession
How Ecosystems Change Naturally. What changes will you see?
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession EQ: How do communities change over time?
What is an Ecosytem? Abiotic factors Biotic factors.
3.1 Community Ecology.
Succession in Ecosystems. What caused this? Equilibrium What did the events do to the earth? How did the events do this? What part of the earth was.
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION New Beginnings. Bellringer  How does bare rock become a dense forest?
How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems Chapter 3.1.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession. Definition: Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area; can be primary or secondary.
Ch 4 Recap: Shaping an Ecosystem Community Interactions: –Competition –Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism –EX. Lichen (fungus and.
What Is an Ecosystem?. Interactions of Organisms and Their Environment Ecology is the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and.
How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems. How do organisms adapt to change? In natural selection, the best-adapted members of a species survive to reproduce.
The process that makes change possible in living things, it makes possible that the best adapted members of a species will survive (survival of the fittest)
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Identify two producers of both terrestrial & aquatic ecosystems.
Jeopardy Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $200 Q $200 Q $200 Q $200
Ecological Succession Notes
Objectives List two types of ecological succession.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Succession occurs following a disturbance in an ecosystem.
Ecological Succession
Environmental Science: Section 2-2 Ecological Succession
Chapter 3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems
3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems
3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems
How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems
System Responses to Natural Disturbances
Ecological Succession
Section 3: How Ecosystems Change
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
System Responses to Natural Disturbances.
Ecological Succession
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Ecology.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Section 3: How Ecosystems Change
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
VARIATION IN LIFE.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Section 3: How Ecosystems Change
Presentation transcript:

3.1 How Changes Occur Naturally in Ecosystems Natural selection - process where individuals with advantages are better able to reproduce and pass along their traits. Natural selection - process where individuals with advantages are better able to reproduce and pass along their traits.  A salmon with a smaller tail may never have a chance to spawn because it can’t swim to the correct location.

Three-Spine Stickleback Originally an ocean-dweller (only lived in salty ocean waters) 13,000 years ago, the glaciers around BC retreated and some ocean water became lakes (freshwater).

The Sticklebacks in the lake adapted! As the salt water slowly changed to freshwater, the stickleback adapted. Now there are marine and freshwater species. Marine (left) and freshwater (right) guarding nests...

Question! Did the stickleback adapt to an abiotic or a biotic change in its environment? Did the stickleback adapt to an abiotic or a biotic change in its environment?

In the lakes... Sticklebacks in BC lakes have evolved into species pairs (one species lives and feeds at the bottom, the other species lives and feeds in surface waters) Sticklebacks in BC lakes have evolved into species pairs (one species lives and feeds at the bottom, the other species lives and feeds in surface waters) Bottom dweller Surface dweller What differences do you see?

In the lakes... There are about 6 species pairs of sticklebacks in lakes around Vancouver Island. There are about 6 species pairs of sticklebacks in lakes around Vancouver Island. Recently, 1 species pair or sticklebacks living in Hadley Lake (Lasqueti Island) has disappeared Recently, 1 species pair or sticklebacks living in Hadley Lake (Lasqueti Island) has disappeared Introduction of catfish to the lakes

Question! Did the stickleback adapt to an abiotic or a biotic change in its environment? Did the stickleback adapt to an abiotic or a biotic change in its environment?

Example: The Finches of the Galapagos Islands (off the coast of Ecuador) Finches: There are 13 species on the island…

Provincial Exam Question

All the species are descended from one finch species on the mainland. All the species are descended from one finch species on the mainland.  Each species has unique characteristics that allows them to thrive in their own niche, and not compete with other finches for resources. Adaptive radiation - a form of natural selection when many different species appear from one original species. Adaptive radiation - a form of natural selection when many different species appear from one original species.

Famous Example Charles Darwin – Galapagos Island Finches Charles Darwin – Galapagos Island Finches A number of different species have “radiated out” from one common ancestor to inhabit different niches.

Provincial Exam Question

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION Changes in the biotic characteristics in an area over time. Primary Succession Secondary Succession

1) Steps of Primary Succession a.Starts with bare rock. b.Wind carries spores of lichens that can survive on bare rock. c.Weathering breaks down rock  soil begins to form

Pioneer Species are the first organisms to survive and reproduce. Pioneer Species are the first organisms to survive and reproduce.  Examples: Lichens and mosses e. Pioneer species make/improve soil f. other plants can grow g. animals appear h. form a mature community (stable community (stable and change slowly) and change slowly)

2. Secondary Succession:  when an area already has soil, but has had a disturbance like a forest fire or clearcut.  Happens more quickly than primary because there are already seeds, insects, worms etc. in the soil.

Secondary Succession

Provincial Exam Question

Disturbances that Might Cause Secondary Succession Flooding Flooding –Leads to soil erosion, spread of pollutants and harmful bacteria associated with sewage –Climate change and global warming may be increasing incidents of flooding. –A tsunami occurs when huge waves, from large earthquakes, flood coastal areas.

Drought Drought Insect infestation Insect infestation - Most insects are helpful, but when normal conditions change, infestations can occur. - Example: Mountain Pine Beetle: Usually it is not a problem…it helps remove old trees, but….

…in our forests there are a lot of old trees, the climate is warming, and the bugs are not dying in the winter. Pine beetle has blue stain fungus in its mouthparts, which it transmits to the trees (symbiotic relationship). Fungus slows down resin production on trees so the beetle can eat the tree more easily. Take the Section 3.1 Quiz Take the Section 3.1 Quiz