Who’s got PERSONALITY?

 Name the different theories of personality. 1. Psychoanalysis 2. Trait Theory 3. Humanistic Theory 4. Social-Cognitive 5. Behaviorism/

 Which theory is most focused on our unconscious desires and motives, childhood sexuality, and traumatic experiences?  Psychoanalysis

 Name 4 theorists most closely associated with psychoanalysis.  Sigmund Freud  Alfred Adler (inferiority complex)  Karen Horney (women, no penis envy)  Carl Jung…

 Who argued that there is a store/reservoir of shared human experiences? What is this called?  Carl Jung  Collective Unconscious

 Name the psychosexual stages.  Oral  Anal  Phallic  Latency  Genital

 Any conflicts that are unresolved during one of these psychosexual stages can lock in their “pleasure seeking energies” at that stage. This is called…  fixation

 If you become fixated at the oral stage, what behaviors might you exhibit as an adult?  Overeating, smoking, biting nails…anything to do with your mouth  If you become fixated at the anal stage, what behaviors might you exhibit as an adult?  Super neat (anal retentive), super messy (anal expulsive)  If you become fixated at the latency stage, what behaviors might you exhibit as an adult?  Poor social skills

 Freud would argue that a person who is dominated by their basic needs and need instant gratification (now…I want it now!) are dominated by what part of their personality?  Id

 This part of your personality works in reality  Ego

 You feel very guilty after cheating on your AP English test so you confess to your teacher. What part of your personality helped you do this?  Superego  If you had a weak superego, you wouldn’t feel guilty

 During what psychosexual stage are boys in love with their mothers? What is this called?  Phallic  Oedipus Complex

 Tactics our ego uses to reduce anxiety by distorting reality are called…  Defense mechanisms

 Your boyfriend broke up with you and you scream at your best friend even though she did nothing wrong. What defense mechanism?  Displacement

 Your dad leaves your family for another woman. You begin to sleep with a night light. What defense mechanism?  Regression

 You steal $20 from your sister’s drawer. You totally deserve it more than she does because you do more chores around the house. What defense mechanism?  Rationalization

 You tell everyone how disrespectful your brother is even thought it’s you who cusses out your brother at least once a week. What defense mechanism?  Projection

 You are overly nice to the girl who spread rumors about you and you really despise her. What defense mechanism?  Reaction formation

 Children who witness their parent’s murder often remember it. This contradicts what defense mechanism?  Repression

 Name 3 ways that psychoanalysts try to tap into the unconscious.  Free association  Hypnosis  Dream analysis  Projective tests

 Name 2 types of projective tests (presented vague stimuli & say what you think it represents)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)  Rorschach Inkblot Test

 What perspective argues that the more you are loved, accepted, and your needs are met, the more successful & developed person you’ll likely be?  Humanistic

 What 2 theorists are most closely associated with the Humanist Perspective?  Carl Rogers  Abraham Maslow

 Maslow said our main goal, after all of our physiological, psychological, and self esteem needs are met, is to achieve our fullest potential called…  Self-actualization

 Your thoughts & feelings about who you are is known as…  Self-concept  Try to have a positive one…you’ll see the world in a more positive light

 Total acceptance toward another person that allows him/her to achieve the best, take risks, accept who we are is called…  Unconditional positive regard

 According to Carl Rogers, what 3 things do all individuals need in order to grow into healthy adults?  Genuine (open w/ your feelings, true to who you are)  Acceptance (unconditional positive regard)  Empathy

 What theory of personality argues that most people describe themselves by their main characteristics?  Trait Theory

 What theorist is most closely associated with trait theory?  Gordon Allport  Cardinal traits (dominate)  Central traits (main characteristics)  Secondary traits (situational)

 Questionnaires designed to gauge your feelings & behaviors and assess your personality traits is called…  Personality inventory

 What is the most widely administered personality inventory?  MMPI  Also, Myers-Briggs is really popular (based on Carl Jung)

 Name the Big Five Personality Factors.  Conscientiousness  Agreeableness  Neuroticism  Openness  Extraversion  Know what each includes!

 Who proposed the Social-Cognitive Perspective of Personality?  Albert Bandura

 The Social-Cognitive Perspective focuses on the interaction between what 3 things?  Traits  Thinking (hmm…cognitive)  Environment (hello…social)

 You think that it’s only luck that determines if you are going to get an A on the test today. You don’t have any control over what questions I’m going to ask, what the FRQ is going to be on so why study? This is the idea that chance determines your fate also called…  External locus of control

 You think that you are in control of your own successes, failures, and your fate. This is an example of…  Internal locus of control

 I can’t believe I wore 2 mismatching earrings today! Everyone is going to be staring at me!  Spotlight Effect

 You fully take credit when you are successful but blame others when you fail.  Self-serving bias

 In what type of society is the group more important that you as an individual?  Collectivist