by Saravanan Bala

General Report 31 % of Software projects are cancelled 75 % of the software projects are considered failures by the people who initiated it. One in every 2 projects exceeds its budget by 200 % * Gartner group IT Report 2007 * The Standish Group Chaos report 2000

Dam Construction

Traditional Models Vs Agile Traditional models - building a fairly “large system” with large amount of design involved. Changing business environment - turn around time of the software need to be very small Competition and rapid changes – not always possible to have a system “requirement phase” which is complete. When requirements – changing & coming in increments Iterative delivery of software is the only way Necessitates a model to be followed.

Concurrency & The key difference

Agile Manifesto Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan

Existing Agile Methods Extreme Programming (XP) Scrum Feature Driven Development Crystal family of methodologies The Rational Unified Process Dynamic Systems Development Method Adaptive Software Development Open Source Software development

Extreme Programming - Process

Roles & Responsiblilities Programmer - Writes and tests codes. Customer - Writes stories and sets implementation priority Tester – Help customer write functional test and broadcast test results regularly Tracker – Traces the estimates made by team, evaluates whether the goal is reachable or not Coach - Responsible for the process as a whole Consultant – External member possess specific technical knowledge Manager – Makes the decisions, communicates with the project team

Extreme Programming - Practices Planning game – Programmer estimate the effort needed and customer decides the timing of releases. Small/Short releases – A simple system is productionized 2 to 3 months Simple design – Simplest possible solution implemented rapidly Pair Programming – Two people writing at one computer Collective ownership - cross functional Continuous Integration – New piece of code is integrated into the code base as soon as it is ready

Extreme Programming - Practices 40 – hour week – max,no two over time weeks allowed. If it happens, it is treated as problem to be solved. Onsite customer – Customer has to be present and available full time for the team. Coding standards – coding rules exist and followed Just rules – Can be changed with common consensus Scope of usage: XP is aimed for small and medium sized teams limited between 3 and a maximum of 20 team members.

Scrum The term 'scrum' originally derives from a strategy in the game of rugby where it denotes "getting an out-of play ball back into the game" with teamwork. Scrum concentrates on how the team members should function in order to produce the system flexibly in a constantly changing environment.

Scrum - Process

Scrum - Roles & Responsibilities Scrum master – Responsible for ensuring the project is carried according to practices, values, rules of scrum. Interacts with Team, customer and management. Scrum team – It is the project team, organize to achieve the goal of each sprint. Customer - Participates in the product backlog items Management – Final decision making & setting goals.

Scope of use : Scrum is best suited for small teams of less than 10 engineers.

Conclusion In case when software development is Incremental, co operative, adaptive we can use Agile methodology. Agile is simply the latest theory that is widely accepted will change and evolve well into the future.

References Dyba, T, Dingsoyr, T, “What Do We Know about Agile Software Development?” Proceedings of the Software IEEE on Sep – Oct 2008 sponsored by IEEE computer society. Tichy, W.F, “Agile development: evaluation and experience” Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Software Engineering in Shi Zhong, Chen Liping, Chen Tian-en, “ Agile Planning & Development Methods “ Proceedings of the 3rd International conference on Computer Research and development (ICCRD) in Mar Ferreira, J, Noble, J, Biddle, R, “Agile Development Iterations and UI Design”, Proceedings of the Agile 2007 conference. Xiaofeng Wang, “The Combination of Agile and Lean in Software Development: An Experience Report Analysis”, Proceedings of the Agile conference 2011.

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