March 2009 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Preliminary Proposal for a Multi-Regional Sub-GHz PHY for 802.15.4g] Date Submitted: [ 01 March, 2009] Source: [Khanh Tuan Le] Company [Texas Instruments] [Per Torstein Roine] Company [Texas Instruments] Address [Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway] Voice: [+47 22958535], E-Mail:[k.t.le@ti.com] Re: [] Abstract: [Preliminary proposal for a multi-regional sub-GHz PHY for 802.15.4g.] Purpose: [Technical proposal. Presented to the 802.15.4g SUN Task Group for consideration.] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Khanh Tuan Le

Preliminary Proposal for a Multi-Regional Sub-GHz PHY for 802.15.4g March 2009 Preliminary Proposal for a Multi-Regional Sub-GHz PHY for 802.15.4g IEEE 802 Plenary Meeting 11th March 2009, Vancouver, BC Khanh Tuan Le Khanh Tuan Le

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 OVERVIEW Overall Considerations Proposal Summary GFSK and Frequency Hopping Proposal Details for Europe Proposal Details for the US Suitability for Other Emerging Frequency Bands FEC, Whitening and Packet Format Discussion Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Overall Considerations (1) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Overall Considerations (1) Focus on user requirements, available frequency spectrum and applicable regulations for US and Europe Suitable technology for appropriate frequency bands in other regions, e.g. China and Japan Full utilization of allowed maximum output power by regional regulations possible Long communication range can be supported Adaptive to application needs Reliable networks using relatively simple modulation schemes, e.g. FSK, GFSK, MSK Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Overall Considerations (2) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Overall Considerations (2) 2.4 GHz PHY options available (e.g. 802.15.4) Sub-GHz technology are beneficial in many metering applications Power Range Spectral efficiency increasingly more important Need for higher data rates Strong drive for standardization Technology requirements- Power optimized and cost efficient semiconductor solutions, protocol SW Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Proposal Summary License exempt bands in the US and Europe US: 902-928 MHz Multiple channels, Frequency Hopping Max output power: 1W (30 dBm), dynamic power control Europe: 863-870 MHz Multiple channels, Frequency Agility and LBT Max output power: 500 mW (27 dBm) and 25 mW (14 dBm), dynamic power control Modulation format: 2-GFSK and 4-GFSK Data rates: 50/100/200/400 kbps Suitable for appropriate frequency bands in other regions Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (N-GFSK) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (N-GFSK) FSK derivative- Constant amplitude modulation Gaussian shaping provides better spectrum efficiency. 2-GFSK 1 bit/symbol Defined for 802.15.4d (BT=0.5, h=1) 4-GFSK 2 bit/symbol GFSK can be efficiently implemented on silicon radios and is widely used today. Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Required by regulations for high transmit power levels Can be used for co-existence of multiple networks Can enable high aggregate throughput Inherent frequency diversity mechanism Well known and proven technique Required performance can be effectively achieved by semiconductor radio devices today Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (1) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (1) Regulations in Europe are continuously being revised. Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (2) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (2) ETSI 300 220 Modulation and (programmable) data rates: 2-GFSK: 50 kbps and 100 kbps *Lower data rates are easy to support. 4-GFSK: 200 kbps and 400 kbps Frequency band and allowed max output power: 868.00-868.60 MHz (600 kHz): 25 mW / +14 dBm 868.70-869.20 MHz (500 kHz): 25 mW / +14 dBm 869.40-869.65 MHz (250 kHz): 500 mW / +27 dBm Dynamic power control Frequency Agility Flexible trade-off between communication range and data rates Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (3) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (3) Frequency Range [MHz] # Channels Channel Spacing [kHz] Modulation Data Rate [kbps] Max Output Power [dBm] 869.40-869.65 (250 kHz) 1 NA 2-GFSK 50 +27 100 4-GFSK 200 868.00-868.60 (600 kHz) 3 +14 2 250 400 868.70-869.20 (500 kHz) Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (4) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (4) One possible scheme with single data rate: Data rate: 100 kbps Modulation: 2-GFSK Channel spacing: 250 kHz Number of channels: 5 Channel 1: 868.175 MHz, 25 mW / +14 dBm Channel 2: 868.425 MHz, 25 mW / +14 dBm Channel 3: 868.825 MHz, 25 mW / +14 dBm Channel 4: 869.075 MHz, 25 mW / +14 dBm Channel 5: 869.525 MHz, 500 mW / +27 dBm Frequency Agility Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (5) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe (5) Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 ISM 902-928 MHz Band in US (1) FCC Part 15.247 Modulation and (programmable) data rates: 2-GFSK: 50 kbps and 100 kbps *Lower data rates are easy to support. 4-GFSK: 200 kbps and 400 kbps Frequency band and allowed max output power: 902-928 MHz (26 MHz): 1 W / +30 dBm (500 mW / +27 dBm) Dynamic power control Frequency Hopping (FH) Flexible trade-off between communication range and data rates Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 ISM 902-928 MHz Band in US (2) # Channels Channel Spacing [kHz] Modulation Data Rate [kbps] Max Output Power [dBm] 50 500 2-GFSK +30 100 4-GFSK 200 400 Basic FH scheme can support any of the data rates in the table and facilitate max +30 dBm output power if needed. Additional set(s) of (offset) channels could be defined to support multiple networks in the same area The offset channels would partly overlap when the highest data rates are used The main coexistence mechanism would still be the use of different hopping sequences Although networks share the same frequency range, coexistence is improved by good far-away selectivity, as the networks have a high probability of large frequency spacing at any given moment in time Multipath fading mitigation and coexistence with other networks are maximized utilizing the entire frequency band Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Multiple FH Networks Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Other Regions Spectrum efficiency is important. Similar channelization scheme and modulation formats may be applicable for the appropriate emerging frequency bands in other regions Frequency Hopping or Frequency Agility Japan: ARIB STD T96 950-956 MHz – May not be allocated for this type of applications? China: Example in the table below # Channels Channel Spacing [kHz] Modulation Data Rate [kbps] Max Output Power [dBm] N 200 2-GFSK 50 +17 4-GFSK 75 Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Dynamic Link Functionality <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Dynamic Link Functionality Idea for consideration: Same channelization Same channel separation Same center frequencies Higher data rate(s) by change in modulation format, e.g. 2-GFSK to 4-GFSK Trade-off Reduced link budget (range) Shorter transmission time or more data over same time period Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

Simple Low Overhead FEC Proposal <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Simple Low Overhead FEC Proposal As support for very long packets is mandatory, a simple low-overhead FEC should be considered to improve the packet error rate Proposal: (128,120,4) extended Hamming code SECDED: Corrects single bit, detect double bit errors Double bit error detection does not improve PER, but is useful for early receive termination when packet is corrupted Can also be viewed/implemented as (127,120,3) BCH, extended by an extra parity bit Generator polynomials: x7+x3+1 (BCH) and x+1 (extra parity) After 15 octets of PHY data, one octet containing parity check bits (PCB) is inserted Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Packet Format Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Whitening Proposal Whitening is done after FEC octet insertion Idea: Same LFSR polynomial is used for whitening all the time The whitening LFSR is initialized to an unique value based on the channel number (and data rate) used for the packet This would allow retransmissions to use different whitening for protection from packet data with poor whitening performance Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> March 2009 Thank you! Khanh Tuan Le <author>, <company>