Unit 6: 1914 to the Present Global Fragmentation and Realignment

Question of Periodization? Why begin the era with the year 1914?

Big Idea #1: Dissolution of Global Empires End 2 nd period of European imperialism Dissolution of land-based empires –R–Russia, Ottoman, Soviet Union, Qing Dissolution of Maritime Empires –N–Negotiated independence: India, Guyana(Africa) Violent conflict: S. Africa, Vietnam, Algeria New National Identities –H–How did language, religion, peasant class, and culture contributed to post WWII national identities?

Big Idea #1 Continued Migration from colonies to Mother country –S–S.Asians to India –A–Algerians to France –P–Philippines to USA Social and Demographic Consequences –R–Refugees –I–India vs Pakistan exchange –J–Jewish/Palestine repatriation issue –R–Realignment of borders: India/Pakistan, Yugoslavia dissolution

Big Idea #2: Global War and Conflict World War One and Two –C–Causes/effects –W–Was the war in 1914 a 30 years conflict? –C–Causes of War in ’39 same: Imperialism, nationalism, competition for resources, ethnic conflict, great power rivalry, ideological differences –G–Global nature of war – colonials helped fight in war (British Indian troops)

Big Idea #2 Continued –E–Economic mobilization & new technologies economic decline of Europe Genocide –A–Armenian, Holocaust, Cambodia, Rwanda, Yugoslavia

What were the results of World War One? WW1 –Mandate system –League of Nations World body to help maintain peace No real power –9 new countries in Europe –Reparation system in Germany (33 Billion) Dependent on US financing Also UK and France owed 2 billion to US

Middle East in 1914

WW 2 Results United Nations US and USSR most powerful in world Marshall Plan in Europe Germany and Japan occupied China returns to civil war India, Philippines given independence

Big Idea #2 Continued Cold War – Decolonization –I–Ideological struggle economically –S–Strategies of Cold War – flexible response, MAD –E–East-West Division: NATO vs Warsaw Pact –T–Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan Decolonization –C–Cuba, Vietnam, Congo

Big Idea #3: New Global Institutions & Characteristics Political –U–United Nations Economic –I–IMF, World Bank, OPEC, EU Humanitarian –R–Red Cross, Red Crescent, WHO, Doctors Without Borders Regional agreements –E–EU, NAFTA

Big Idea #3 Continued New forms of communication/transport –I–Internet, spread of medicine Global poverty: what are our responsibilities? Globalization; spread of culture –F–Food, banking, multinational corporations